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PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY

OF

W ASHINGTON

Volume 67

OFFICERS FOR THE YEAR 1965

LE RESSTIE TI), Sa ED SEE Rs eS eR A Ree ee Paul A. Woke PROGR GGA AG ee Ee ee SL Aes See Louise M. Russell IROCOMEM DE SACRA), ia W. Donald Duckworth COMESIONMINGASCONCHOUNY, 2 Donald Anderson ERDAS ee ee eee Cee ee Pee Carl Blickenstaff Ed 5 fg: A LRN et le a ne) Oo, Pe kt pe ake ee ale Jon L. Herring CAST OCLC pe nr ew ae hed Med MES ie oe ena le Robert Smiley LE OLTUTTMG ONUINILECC IC OINITUGTO Ns ee ee eee Victor Adler Membership Committee Chairman __....--- George E. Cantwell Delegate to the Washington Academy of Sciences H. H. Shepard

PUBLISHED BY THE SOCIETY

WASHINGTON, D. C. 1965

i

TABLE OF CONTENTS VOLUME 67

BEER, J. R.: See PRICE, R. D.

BEHIN, R.: See MITCHELL, C. J.

BLAKE, D. H.—Fourteen new chrysomelid beetles from the West Indies (Goleoptera):\

BURKS, B. D.—The North American species of Metacolus (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) 2...) 8". Pe eee ee ee

CAMPOS, E. G.: See EADS, R. B.

CHEMSAK, J. A. and E. G. LINSLEY—The elaphidionine subgenus Pro- taneflus (Colepotera: Cerambycidae) te 2! 2 ee eee

DARSIE, R. F., JR: See JOSHI, G.

DE LEON, D. A.—A note on Neoseiulus Hughes 1948 and new synonymy (Acarina: Phytoseiidae): ea en ee ee ee

Four new tenuipalpids from Puerto Rico with notes on some

previously described species (Acarina: Tenuipalpidae) —

DODGE, H. R.—Three examples of insect teratology —

DONNELLY, T. W.—Heteragrion eboratum, a new species of damselfly from Guatemala (Odonata: Megapodagrionidae)

EADS, R. B., H. A. TREVINO and E. G. CAMPOS—Additional records of Phlebotomus texanus (Diptera: Psychodidae)

EMERSON, K. C.—The Vernon L. Kellogg Mallophaga type material in the Gorell University Collection... Sa 2 se eee

EVANS, H. E.—A description of the larva of Methocha stygia (Say), with notes on other Tiphiidae (Hymenoptera) 22) 3 ee

FLINT, O. S., JR.—New species of Trichoptera from the United States

FOOTE, B. A.—First record of Opomyza petrei Mesnil in eastern North America (Diptera: Opomyzidae)), 2202... 3.. 3 eee

See STOLTZFUS, W. B. HERRING, J. L.—The status of Amphiareus Distant, Buchananiella Reuter and Poronotellus Kirkaldy (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) =

JOSHI, G., S. PRADHAN and R. F. DARSIE, JR.—Culicine, Sabethine and Toxorhynchitine mosquitoes of Nepal including new country records (Diptera?) Culicidae) ©) |). 2 a

KNUTSON, L. V.—Ecological notes on Tabanidae, Rhagionidae and Xylo- phagidae in Europe (Diptera) 4.2.0 i ee

KRAMER, J. P.—Studies of Neotropical leafhoppers I (Homoptera: Ci- eadellidae ) 2s he, i

Bera) ok a ce ee

LEONARD, M. D.—Aphids on a rooftop—1963 = LEWIS, J. H.: See LEWIS, R. E.

ii

101

116

24

251

168

137

LEWIS, R. E. and J. H. LEWIS—On a small collection of fleas from Turkey (CSF OL AONE ROL ASIC = ae See SON Ce, i eet adh, Enon a. Ss ee ee 247

LINSLEY, E. G.: See CHEMSAK, J. A. LUND, H. O.—Mass flights of the elm spanworm moth, Ennomos subsig- narius (Hubner) in the southeastern United States 2.34 MALDONADO-CAPRILES, J.—Studies on Idiocerinae leafhoppers: III. On Singh-Pruthi’s Indian species of Idiocerus (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) 244 MARSH, P. M.—Two species of Microgasterinae new to the United States Giiymenopteras Braconidae) (to ao.» PR the en ee eed 214

MCDANIEL, B., JR.—North American species of the genus Margarodes Guilding, with a description of a new species found in Texas (Coccoidea:

INT citeae a OF G TG FESS) ec een Re Lon ee es SR eR ee 15 MCGREGOR, E. A. and F. STICKNEY—Distribution and host plants of Oligonychus pratensis (Banks), (Acarina: Tetranychidae) — 28

MEDLER, J. T.—A note on Megachile mendica Cresson in trap-nests in Wisconsin @Elymenoptera. Mecachilidac)) se 113

MICKEL, C. E.—New synonymy and records of Mutillidae for America aYOVdOL. Gre IWiKexaeoy (BK amavernoyoveren)) Le ee 1

MITCHELL, C. J. and R. BEHIN—Notes on some small mammal ectopara- sites from Northwest Territories, Canada (Anoplura, Siphonaptera, and PN ATEE N11) pam nme rs RR ae OTs: Ee ee es ee vee i

MOMOI, S.—Notes on an ichneumonid parasite (Hymenoptera) of Parasa Gonsocias (kepidoptera))).. = 2 a et eee ee ee eee 238

MOURE, J. S.—New placements for some species of Paranthidium (Hyme- HAO PEC TAC Paee AN FOO 1G AD) flop eee ae ep Sle a ah ae 29

OLIVE, A. T.—Two new species of Dactynotus Rafinesque from the eastern Wmited ‘States: (Homoptera:, Aphididae)... Se 4]

A list of the species of Dactynotus Rafinesque of North America, with new combinations and synonymy (Homoptera: Aphididae) —— 209

O’NEILL, K.—The correct names of two phlaeothripids associated with pine (ulllnycanOytera =e eed oe es se ae ee 58

PRADHAN, S.: See JOSHI, G. PIPKIN, S. B. and W. W. WIRTH—Lectotypes of Panama Drosophila

GDipters sw Orosoplilidac,) ) ee 147 PRICE, R. D.—The identity of Colpocephalum hoffmanni Zavaleta (Mallo- Eres NCNOPONIGAG): eh. eRe oP Re eee. Se se! 233 PRICE, R. D. and J. R. BEER—A review of the Colpocephalum of the Cor- vidae with the description of a new species (Mallophaga: Menoponidae) — if ROBINSON, H.—Discopygiella, a new genus of Dolichopodidae from INTEXICOM ODI tei) be a ee ee Ree Dec eG eR 51 SABROSKY, C. W.—Hosts of the tachinid tribe Eutherini (Diptera) 61 SEDMAN, Y. S.—The genus Valdivia Shannon (Diptera: Syrphidae) —- 197

ill

SHENEFELT, R. D.—Techniques of use in the insect collection ____________-

SLATER, J. A. and M. H. SWEET—The systematic position of the Psam- muinae((Heteropteras, yeaeidae))) Se eee eee ee

SMILEY, R. L.—Two new species of the genus Cheyletiella (Acarina: C@heyletidae ). ee

A new mite, Prosarcoptes scanloni, from monkey (Acarina: Sarcoptic aes)! ce ae I Te aS SPENCER, K. A.—A classification of the status of Liriomyza trifolii (Bur- gess) and some related species (Diptera: Agromyzidae) —

SPILMAN, T. J.—Ptinus variegatus in Georgia and Florida (Coleoptera: Pfinidae))* 28022. kt eet A SEE ee

STEYSKAL, G. C.—Synonymy of the genera Antillonerius and Imrenerius (Diptera: sJNeriidae)) ie Ae eet le EE

The genus Poeciloptraphera Hendel (Diptera: Platystomatidae )

The family Tanypezidae in North America (Diptera: Acalyp- trata) es a eS ee aS ae eee

STICKNEY, F.: See MCGREGOR, E. A.

STOLTZFUS, W. B. and B. A. FOOTE—The use of froth masses in court- ship of Eutreta (Digtera: Tephritidae) 0.2) 2) eee

STONE, A.—Notes on Nearctic Sylvicola species (Diptera: Anisopodidae) — Two new Chaoboridae from the United States (Diptera) — SWEET, M. H.: See SLATER, J. A.

TODD, E. L.—A note on the occurrence of Nerthra rugosa (Desj.) in Brazil (Hemiptera: ' Gelastocoridae): = a lt ee ee

TRAPIDO, H.—Notes on critical Asian Haemaphysalis specimens in Euro- pean museum collections, with designations of lectotypes and a neotype (Acarina: Ixodidae )

TREVINO, H. A.: See EADS, R. B.

VARSHNEY, R. K.—On the authorship of Tachardina theae (Homoptera: Lacciferidae )

WALKER, D. W.—Bionomics of the sugarcane borer Diatraea saccharalis (Fab.). I. A description of the mating behavior. (Lepidoptera: Cram- bidae )

WILSON, N.—Occurrence of Dermanyssus quintus Vitzthum in North Amer- ica (Acarina: Mesostigmata: Dermanyssidae )

WIRTH, W. W.—A new Johannsenomyia from Brazil (Diptera: Cerato- pogonidae )

A revision of the genus Parabezzia Malloch (Diptera: Ceratopo- gonidae )

See PIPKIN, S. B. This issue mailed December 23, 1965

iv

255

166

32

230

alae

80

yol. 67 =. "© “MARCH 1965 ee) Nas Lae 1 PROCEEDINGS

of the

ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY of WASHINGTON

U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM WASHINGTON, D.C. 20560

PUBLISHED QUARTERLY

CONTENTS

(Continued on back cover)

CHEMSAK, J. A. and E. G. LINSLEY—The elaphidionine subgenus Protane- Heer olcopters: Cerambycidae) a

DE LEON, D. A.—A note on Neoseiulus Hughes 1948 and new synonymy PermrmNREE SE TVRIISETICIE 8 ats BS a

EMERSON, K. C.—The Vernon L. Kellogg Mallophaga type material in the eer TN Gera tes sob, Galt Oblate 10) 6 Meee oe La A Sy aR aOR RA

FOOTE, B. A.—First record of Opomyza petrei Mesnil in eastern North Panes | inptera:, (pony zidae ) 2 ta a a 50

KNUTSON, L. V.—Ecological notes on Tabanidae, Rhagionidae and Xylo- ieee sa FeeraGpe (( Pptera) Ltn ee ea eo

MCDANIEL, B., Jr.—North American species of the genus Margarodes Guilding, with a description of a new species found in Texas (Coccoidea: Ee TTT) AAEM a Re SSO al Ree er NILES MONEE NPE IM ROD ICC Ne 15

MCGREGOR, E. A. and F. STICKNEY—Distribution and host plants of Oligonychus pratensis (Banks), (Acarina: Tetranychidae)

MICKEL, C. E.—New synonymy and records of Mutillidae for America north eeierice) ( Pevmennprers): (i285 ek ores Be 2 NN ee

MOURE, J. S.—New placements for some species of Paranthidium (Hymen- earatieneach ORTHO) Couey Sh 0 Re Peta Le Tk

OLIVE, A. T.—Two new species of Dactynotus Rafinesque from the eastern United States (Homoptera: Aphididae) 220 Al

ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY

OF WASHINGTON

ORGANIZED MARCH 12, 1884

OFFICERS FOR 1965

Dr. Paut A. WokE, President Dr. Jon L. Henning, Editor National Institute of Health c/o Department of Entomology Bethesda, Maryland 20014 U.S. National Museum Washington, D.C. 20560 Miss Louise M. RussEux, President-Elect Mr. Rosert SmmLEy, Custodian Entomology Research Division, USDA Entomology Research Division, USDA Washington, D.C. 20250 Washington, D.C. 20250 . Mr. Victor ADLER, Program Committee Chairman When edict ysctoade ang Recording Secretary Entomology Research Division, ARS, USDA U.S. National Museum ARG, Beltsville, Maryland 20705 Washington, D.C. 20560 Dr. GrorcE E. CANTWELL, Membership Committee Chairman Dr. Donatp ANDERSON, Corresponding Secretary Insect Pathology Laboratory Department of Entomology Agric. Research Center U.S. National Museum Beltsville, Maryland 20705

: 9 Wastingtn, 1-2: 20300 Dr. H. H. SHeparp, Delegate to the Washington

Academy of Sciences

Dr. Cart BLICKENSTAFF, Treasurer PPA-ASCS : Entomology Research Division, ARS, USDA U.S. Department of Agriculture ARC, Beltsville, Maryland 20705 Washington, D.C. 20250

Honorary President Dn. T. E. SNypER, U.S. National Museum

Honorary Member Mr. C. F. W. Murseseck, U.S. National Museum

MEETINGS.—Regular meetings of the Society are held in Room 43 of the U.S. National Museum on the first | blag agf of he month from October to June, inclusive, at 8 P.M. Minutes of meetings are published regularly in the Proceedings.

MEMBERSHIP.—Members shall be persons who have demonstrated interest in the science of entomology. Annual dues for members are $5.00; initiation fee is $1.00 (U.S. currency ).

PROCEEDINGS.—Published quarterly beginning with March by the Society at Washington, D.C. Members in good standing are entitled to the Proceedings free of charge. Nonmember subscriptions are $6.00 per year, both domestic and foreign (oe currency), payable in advance. All remittances should be made payable to The Entomological Society of Washington.

The Society does not exchange its publications for those of other societies.

All manuscripts intended for publication should be addressed to the Editor. Acceptable papers submitted by members only will be published in the order received. Immediate publication may be obtained at a cost to the author of about $15.00 per printed page. Titles of papers should be concise but comprehensive and should indi- cate the systematic position of the subject insect. Bylines should indicate present mailing address of the author and his organizational affiliation, if possible. Citations in the text of papers longer than one printed page should be by author and date and should refer to a list of concluding references in which author, year, title, name publication, volume, and page are given in that order. Im shorter articles, references to literature should be included in parentheses in the text.

Proportions of full-page illustrations should closely approximate 454g X 6” (26 < 36 picas); this usually allows explanatory matter to appear on the same page. t

Proofs and forms for the abstract and reprint order will be sent to authors.

This issue mailed April 21, 1965

Second Class Postage Paid at Lawrence, Kansas, U. S. A. THE ALLEN PRESS res LAWRENCE, KANSAS

USA

PROCEEDINGS OF THE

ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

Vol 67 MARCH 1965 No. 1

NEW SYNONYMY AND RECORDS OF MUTILLIDAE FOR AMERICA NORTH OF MEXICO

(HYMENOPTERA )'

CLARENCE FE). Micke, University of Minnesota

The following notes regarding new synonymy and records are the re- sult of the examination of the type specimens, and of the collecting of D. J. and J. N. Knull, Ohio State University, in southwestern United States. The location of the type is indicated in brackets after each citation.

Dilophotopsis concolor ssp. paron (Cameron), N. comb. Sphaerophthalma paron Cameron, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Hymen. 2: 381, 1896, male. [Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist. ) ] Dilophotopsis concolor ssp. sonorensis Schuster, Ent. Amer. 37(N.S.): 88, male. (New synonymy.) [Univ. Minn., St. Paul] Southwestern United States and northern Mexico.

Sphaerophthalma (Photopsis ) coaequalis Cameron, N. comb. Sphaerophthalma coaequalis Cameron, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Hymen. 2: 379, 1896, male. [Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist. ) ] Mutilla albicincta Fox, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. 25: 255, 1899, male. (New synon- ymy ). [Amer. Ent. Soc. Phila. ] Western United States and northern Mexico.

Odontophotopsis (Odontophotopsis ) eubule (Cameron), N. Comb. Sphaerophthalma eubule Cameron, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Hymen. 2: 383, 1896 male. [Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist. ) ] Mutilla hamata Melander, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. 29: 314, 1903, male. (New synonymy.) [U.S. Nat. Mus.] New Mexico and northern Mexico.

Pseudomethoea damia (Cameron), N. comb.

Sphaerophthalma damia Cameron, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Hymen. 2: 321, 1894, female. (Secondary homonym, preoccupied by Smith, 1864.) [Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) ] Mutilla sphaerophthalmica Dalle Torre, Cat. Hymen. 8: 87, 1897, female. (New

name for secondary homonym damia Cameron. ) Sphaerophthalma Danica (!) Dalle Torre, Cat. Hymen. 8: 87, 1897, female.

Paper no. 5181 Scientific Journal Series, Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station, St. Paul 1, Minnesota.

bo

PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, No. 1, MARCH, 1965

Type locality: Amula, Guerrero, Mexico. New United States record: female, Ruby, Arizona, August 7, 1952 (D. J. and J. N. Knull), in collection of University of Minnesota.

Pseudomethocea ilione (Fox), N. comb.

Mutilla ilione Fox, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. 25: 268, 1899, female. [Amer. Ent. Soc. Phila. |

Ephuta (Ephuta) ilione André, Gen. Ins. 11: 60, 1903, female.

Mutilla aprica Melander, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. 29: 323, 1903, female. (New synonymy.) [Mus. Comp. Zool.]

Pseudomethoca aprica Mickel, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 64(15): 16, 1924, female; Mickel, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. 61: 393, 1935, female; Krombein, USDA Agr. Mon. 2: 759, 1951, female.

Photopsis ilione Krombein, USDA Agr. Mon. 2: 754, 1951, female. Texas.

Dasymutilla alesia Banks

Mutilla versicolor Smith (nec Fabr.), Cat. Hymen. Brit. Mus. 3: 63, 1855, female. ( Misidentification ). Dasymutilla alesia Banks, Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer. 14: 24, 1921, female. Smith’s specimen from St. John’s Bluff, E. Florida extends the range of alesia to Florida. Smith’s specimen of versicolor was made available to me through the courtesy of the British Museum (Natural History ).

Dasymutilla apicalata (Blake )

Mutilla (Sphaerophthalma) apicalata Blake, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. 3: 238, 1871, male. [Amer. Ent. Soc. Phila. ]

Sphaerophthalma perfidiosa Cameron, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Hymen. 2: 368, 1895, male. (Secondary homonym, preoccupied by Smith, 1879.). (New synonymy. ) [Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist. ) ]

Sphaerophthalma guerreroensis Cameron, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Hymen. 2: 369, 1895, male. (New synonymy.) [Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist. ) ]

Mutilla perfida Dalle Torre, Cat. Hymen. 8: 72, 1897, male. (New name for sec- ondary homonym perfidiosa Cameron. )

Dasymutilla apicalata Mickel, Bull. 143, U.S. Nat. Mus., 273, 1928, male.

The type of perfidiosa Cameron has the first abdominal segment ferruginous rather than black as in apicalata Blake. This appears to be a common color varia- tion as noted by Blake in his original description, in which he designated the speci- mens with the first abdominal segment ferruginous as “var. a.”

Mexico, Texas, and Arizona.

Dasymutilla connectens (Cameron), N. comb.

Sphaerophthalma connectens Cameron, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Hymen. 2: 362, 1895, female. (Secondary homonym, preoccupied by Cresson, 1865.) [Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) ]

Mutilla eggeri Dalle Torre, Cat. Hymen. 8: 33, 1897, female. (New name for sec- ondary homonym connectens Cameron. )

Dasymutilla helva Mickel, Bull. 143, U.S. Nat. Mus., 259, 1928, female. (New synonymy.) [U.S. Nat. Mus.]

Arizona, U.S., and Chihuahua, Jalisco, and Baja California, Mexico.

PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, No. 1, MARCH, 1965 3

Dasymutilla ferruginea (Smith), N. comb. Mutilla ferruginea Smith, Descr. New Species Hymen. 226, 1879, female. [Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) ] Dasymutilla chrysocoma Mickel, Bull. 143, U.S. Nat. Mus., 266, 1928, female. (New synonymy.) [Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist.] Arizona, U.S., and Puebla and Oaxaca, Mexico.

Dasymutilla sicheliana (Saussure )

Mutilla Sicheliana Saussure, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. (4)7: 360, 1867, female. [Mus. dHist. Natur., Geneva]

Sphaerophthalma prunotincta Cockerell, Ent. News 6: 60, 1895, female. [Lost?]

Sphaerophthalma thera Cameron, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Hymen. 2: 358, 1895, female. (Secondary homonym, preoccupied by Smith, 1864.) (New synonymy.) [Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) ]

Mutilla gynaecologica Dalle Torre, Cat. Hymen. 8: 45, 1897, female. (New name for secondary homonym thera Cameron. )

Dasymutilla sicheliana Mickel, Bull. 143, U.S. Nat. Mus., 246, female; Mickel, Rev. Ent., Rio 7: 190, 1937, female.

Arizona, U.S., and Mexico.

Dasymutilla vestita (Lepeletier ) Mutilla vestita Lepeletier, Hist. Nat. Ins., Hymen. 3: 634, 1845, female and male.

[Zool. Mus. Univ. Torino? ]

Mutilla montezumae Lepeletier, Hist. Nat. Ins., Hymen. 3: 634, 1845, female.

[Zool. Mus. Uniy. Torino? ]

Mutilla californica Cresson (nec Radoskowski), Proc. Ent. Soc., Phila. 4: 432,

1865, female (in part). (Misdetermination. )

Mutilla fulvohirta Cresson, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila. 4: 433, 1865, male. (New syn- onymy.) [Amer. Ent. Soc. Phila. | Sphaerophthalma aspasia Cameron, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Hymen. 2: 370, 1895, male.

(Secondary homonym, preoccupied by Blake, 1879.) (New synonymy.) [Brit.

Mus. (Nat. Hist. ) ]

Mutilla aspasioides Dalle Torre, Cat. Hymen. 8: 12, 1897, male. (New name for secondary homonym aspasia Cameron. )

Ephuta californica var. euchroa Cockerell, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (6)20: 513, 1897, female. (New synonymy.) [U.S. Nat. Mus.]

Dasymutilla fulvohirta Mickel, Bull. 143, U.S. Nat. Mus., 66, 1928, female and male.

Dasymutilla vestita Mickel, Rey. Ent., Rio 7: 185, 1937, male and female.

A careful comparison of Mexican specimens of this species with those from the United States and Canada leads to the conclusion that only one species is involved and that the name vestita Lep., having priority, is the correct one to apply. The species has a very wide distribution in the Rocky Mountain region and adjacent areas in the United States and Canada, southward in Mexico to the state of Oaxaca.

Photomorphus (Photomorphina) myrmicoides (Cockerell) Mutilla parvula Blake, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. 13: 206, 1886, female. Sphaerophthalma myrmicoides Cockerell, Ent. News 6: 62, 1895, female. [Amer. Ent. Soc. Phila. ] Mutilla impar Melander, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. 29: 321, 1903, female. [Mus. Comp. Zool. ]

4 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 1, MARCH, 1965

Odontophotopsis subtenuis Viereck, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. 30: 85, 1904, male. (New synonymy.) [Amer. Ent. Soc. Phila.]

Photomorphus myrmicoides Mickel, Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer. 27: 610, 1934, female and male.

United States, east of Rocky Mountains.

A NEW JOHANNSENOMYIA FROM BRAZIL

(DiereRA: CERATOPOGONIDAE )

The first Neotropical species of Johannsenomyia Malloch was described from Panama in the genus Dicrohelea Kieffer by Lane and Wirth (1961, Rev. Brasil. Ent. 10: 81). More recently Wirth (1962, Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer. 55: 276) has shown that Dicrohelea is a synonym of Johannsenomyia. Dicrohelea blantoni Lane and Wirth must therefore be transferred to Johannsenomyia (New Combination ). The purpose of this note is to describe the second known Neotropical species, from southern Brazil.

Johannsenomyia lanei n. sp.

Female.—Length of wing (measuring from basal arculus) 2.75 mm. Head yel- lowish except occiput shining brown, distal five flagellomeres and extreme apices of proximal flagellomeres brownish. Thorax subshining brownish black; scutum, scutellum and upper pleuron with moderately heavy, semiappressed, coarse golden scalelike hairs; anterior scutal spine erect and moderately prominent. Legs yellow- ish, fore and mid tibia somewhat brownish on extensor side on proximal halves; mid and hind coxae dark brown; hind femur shining blackish from near base to distal third, with a broad subapical yellow band, but extreme apex brown; hind femur becoming stouter distad, on yellow subapical portion slightly but distinctly more swollen than the remainder; hind tibia dark brown on proximal half; fifth tarsomeres brownish, each with 4—5 pairs of long, black batonnets; claws each with short basal tooth on external side, equal on fore legs, very unequal on mid and hind legs. Wing hyaline, the anterior veins yellowish, costa extending to 0.87 of wing length; only one radial cell, the radial crossvein obsolete, but its location faintly indicated by a dip in vein RI and an indentation of the membrane. Halter deeply infuscated. Abdomen dull blackish; terga with heavy silvery white prui- nosity as seen in posterior view. Spermathecae not examined.

Type.—Holotype female, Nova Teutonia, Santa Catarina, Brazil, Oct. 1962, F. Plaumann (in Canadian Nat. Coll., Ottawa).

Discussion.—The other three American species of Johannsenomyia can readily be distinguished from lanei as follows: annulicornis Malloch has the female ab- domen shining black and the hind femur without the subapical yellow ring; argentata (Loew) has the wing prominently infuscated in the radial field and the leg markings variable, but usually with the hind femur entirely pale or with the subapical pale ring less prominent; and blantoni (Lane and Wirth) with the legs much darker, the fore and mid femora extensively brownish, with subapical yellow rings.—WiL.is W. Wirtu, Entomology Research Division, ARS, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C.

1

PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 1, MaRcH, 1965

ON THE AUTHORSHIP OF TACHARDINA THEAE ( HomopTEeRA: LACCIFERIDAE )

Tachardina theae, the lac insect occurring on tea, cinchona, and Ficus spp. and distributed over China, Formosa, and northern India, is presently thought to have been described by Green and Mann. A study of the original paper revealed that Green and Mann (1907, Mem. Dept. Agr. India, Ent. Ser. 1(5): 337-355, pls. 16- 19) have dealt with the Coccidae attacking tea plants in India and Ceylon, in the following five parts:

“I. Introduction, II. List of Coccidae affecting the tea plant in India and Ceylon,

III. Descriptions of new species (E. E. Green), IV. Distribution and relative

importance of scale insects on tea in Northern India (H. H. Mann), V. Distribu-

tion and relative importance of scale insects on tea in south India and Ceylon

(E. E. Green).”

In the third part, pages 344-349, the following species were formally described for the first time: Chionaspis manni [now Phenacaspis manni], Dactylopius theaecola [now Pseu- dococcus theaecola], Tachardia decorella var. theae {now Tachardina theae}.

The first two of the above coccid species have always been credited to Green; the third one, T. decorella var. theae, was erroneously credited to both Green and Mann first by Sanders (1909, Catalogue of recently described Coccidae II. Tech. Ser., U.S. Dept. Agr. 16(3): 43), although the author of variety theae was clearly mentioned as Green on page 339 in the second part of the original work, as well as by Green (1908, Mem. Dept. Agr. India, Ent. Ser. 2(2):28). Ramakrishna Ayyar (1921, Proc. Fourth Ent. Meet. Pusa: 240) also gave Green as author of Tachardia decorella var. theae.

Specific rank was given to this variety by Chamberlin (1923, Bull. Ent. Res. 14(2): 210), who placed theae in the genus Tachardina Cockerell, but, unfortu- nately, kept Green and Mann as the joint authors. Since then this error has been perpetuated and has been cited by Takahashi (1929, Observations on the Coccidae of Formosa 1: 69), Kapur (1958, A catalogue of lac insects (Lacciferidae, Hemip- tera): 40), and Varshney (1962, Indian Jour. Ent. 24(4): 282-283) as Tachardina theae (Green and Mann) instead of Tachardina theae (Green).

Earlier it was thought that according to Article 10 b of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, Chamberlin (who elevated the variety theae to specific level in 1923) should be the author of the species with June 30, 1923 as date of publication. But, since variety theae was published before 1961, according to Article 45 e, it is not of infrasubspecific status in express statement, and so Chamberlin cannot be the author of the species.

It is very clear from the contents of the original paper and also from some other earlier references, that Green is the author of taxon theae, in Green and Mann. According to Article 50 of International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, Green “is alone responsible both for the name and the conditions that make it available.” The type material of this species was collected by Dr. Harold H. Mann on tea plants in Darjeeling during February 1907, and also in Assam during December 1900, vide Green and Mann (loc. cit.).

The author is grateful to Dr. Jon L. Herring of the Entomological Society of Washington, and Mr. Curtis Sabrosky, a member of the International Commission

6 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, No. 1, MARCH, 1965

on Zoological Nomenclature, for their comments and assistance regarding this mat- ter—R. K. VarsHNey, Entomology Division, Indian Lac Research Institute, Namkum, Ranchi, Bihar, India.

OCCURRENCE OF DERMANYSSUS QUINTUS VITZTHUM IN NORTH AMERICA

(ACARINA: MESOSTIGMATA: DERMANYSSIDAE )

Dermanyssus quintus Vitzthum was described from Germany in 1921. Since then it has been reported from England (Turk and Turk, 1952, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 12, 5: 484) and the U.S.S.R. ( Bregetova, 1956, Gamasid mites (Gamasoidea), Acad. Sci. U.S.S.R., Moscow, p. 202). All hosts have been woodpeckers (Picidae) with Dendrocopos leucotos and Dendrocopos major specifically identified. In addition to the above two species, Dryobates major has been listed as a host by Strandtmann and Wharton (1958, Inst. Acar. Cont. No. 4, p. 123) and Evans and Till (1962, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 13, 5: 286-288); however, according to Peters (1948, Check-list of birds of the world, Vol. VI, Harvard Univ. Press, Cambridge, pp. 180-215), this is the same species as Dendro- copos major.

One @ of this mite was among a collection of ectoparasites received from Dr. R. E. Mumford of Purdue University. It was collected from Dendrocopos villosus, 5 mi. W. of Estes Park, Larimer Co., Colorado (2,300 m.) on June 6, 1960, by Dr. Mumford.

This specimen compares favorably with the figures and descriptions given by Vitzthum (1921, Arch. Naturg. 86A(10): 7-14), Bregetova (1956, op. cit.), and Evans and Till (1962, op. cit.) with few exceptions. Ventrally the Colorado specimen has 14 body setae posterior to coxae IV and exclusive of those on or posterior to the U-shaped ridge. Vitzthum (1921, op. cit.) describes and illustrates 6 setae; Bregetova (1956, op. cit.) and Evans and Till (1962, op. cit.) illustrate 11 and 12 setae, re- spectively. The Colorado specimen has 3 pairs of hypostomal setae. Vitzthum (1921, op. cit.) and Evans and Till (1962, op. cit.) do not illustrate or describe these setae; Bregetova (1956, op. cit.) illustrates 2 pairs of hypostomal setae. Dorsally the chaetotaxy agrees perfectly with that described and illustrated by Evans and Till (1962, op. cit.).

It seems strange that this striking dermanyssid mite has not been reported before from North America and more frequently from Europe. The published records indicate it is a parasite of the Picidae, a family of worldwide distribution. D. quintus may be primarily a nest parasite and a search of woodpecker nests might disclose additional records. At present the distribution is very disjunct with records from Europe and

western North America.—N1xon Wuson, Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Hono- lulu, Hawaii 96819.

PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 1, MARCH, 1965 u

A REVIEW OF THE COLPOCEPHALUM OF THE CORVIDAE WITH THE DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES

(MALLOPHAGA: MENOPONIDAE)*

Rocer D. PricE AND JAMEs R. BEER, Department of Entomology, Fisheries, and Wildlife, University of Minnesota, St. Paul

As a continuation of our studies upon lice of the genus Colpocephalum Nitzsch, 1818, we here review the status of the lice found upon the family Corvidae (Passeriformes). Although the genus Colpocephalum as currently interpreted by most workers is associated with a number of bird orders, the only members of the Passeriformes known to harbor these lice belong to the Corvidae (except for C. ignotum Tendeiro re- ported by Tendeiro (1958) as a possible straggler from the Cuculidae to the Hirundinidae). We have been able to examine over 400 speci- mens of Colpocephalum from 20 species of Corvidae; included among these are series of both sexes from the eight type hosts upon which the seven currently recognized species of Colpocephalum are based. Thus we are able to render an opinion as to the status of these species as well as to place the additional materials from the other hosts.

The Colpocephalum of the Corvidae may be characterized generi- cally by the same features reported earlier (Price and Beer, 1963b). All specimens we have seen from the Corvidae bear a remarkable simi- larity not only to each other but also to the Colpocephalum of the owls and to the polybori-group of Colpocephalum from hawks. Both sexes of all of these have (1) four minute middorsal head setae, (2) a minute outer and a long inner pair of occipital setae, and (3) marginal pronotal setae of short, long, short, and three (less often four) long setae on a side. The females have a broadly rounded vulva without a prominent lateral row of hooked setae and have a comparatively simple oval anus without inner setae. All males have genitalia similar to those in Fig. 4, with a barbed penis and the lateroposterior projections of the genital sclerite bluntly pointed.

All observations of lice in this work are based on specimens mounted on slides. Measurements, where given, are in millimeters. The value placed in parentheses following a statement of range represents the mean. The nomenclature of the hosts follows that of Peters (1962).

Colpocephalum fregili Denny (Figs. 1-4) Type host.—Pyrrhocorax p. pyrrhocorax (Linn. ).

Colpocephalum subaequale Burmeister, 1838 (nec Haan, 1829). Handb. Ent. 2: 438.

1 Paper no. 5161, Scientific Journal Series, Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station, St. Paul 1, Minnesota.

8 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 1, MARCH, 1965

Type hosts.—Corvus frugilegus Linn. and Corvus corax Linn.

Colpocephalum fregili Denny, 1842. Monogr. Anopl. Brit.: 198, 208.

Type host.—Fregilus graculus ( Linn.) = Pyrrhocorax p. pyrrhocorax (Linn.).

Colpocephalum semicinctum Rudow, 1866. Z. ges. Naturwiss. 27: 475.

Type host.—Corvus scapulatus Daudin = Corvus albus Miller.

Colpocephalum trimaculatum Piaget, 1880. Les Pediculines: 525.

Type hosts—Platycercus palliceps Lear = P. adscitus palliceps Lear and P. barrabandi (Swainson) = Polytelis swainsonii (Desmarest )—errors. N. Syn.

Colpocephalum elongatum Piaget, 1880. Les Pediculines: 529.

Type host.—Pyrrhocorax alpinus Vieillot = Pyrrhocorax graculus (Linn.). N. Syn.

Colpocephalum ellipticum Piaget, 1880. Les Pediculines: 570.

Type host.—Xulla (Larus) mangola [author unknown] = Corvus e. enca (Hors- field). N. Syn.

Colpocephalum splendens Ansari, ?1955. Proc. 7th Pak. Sci. Conf. (Sect. Agric. ): 51. (Also described as n. sp. in Ind. Jour. Ent. 17 (1956): 399 and Ind. Jour. Ent. 18 (1957): 428.)

Type host.—Corvus s. splendens Vieillot. N. Syn.

Colpocephalum laurencei Ansari, 21955 (nom. nov. for subaequale Burmeister ). Proc. 7th Pak. Sci. Conf. (Sect. Agric.): 51. (Also given as nom. nov. in Ind. Jour. Ent. 17 (1956): 399 and Ind. Jour. Ent. 18 (1957): 427.) N. Syn.

Colpocephalum bengalensis Ansari, 21955. Proc. 7th Pak. Sci. Conf. (Sect. Agric.): 58. (Also described as n. sp. in Pak. Jour. Sci. Res. 8 (1956): 57 and Ind. Jour. Ent. 17 (1956): 399.)

Type host.—Corvus macrorhynchus = Corvus macrorhynchos Wagler. N. Syn.

Female.—Specimens from type host as in Fig. 1. Pronotum marginally with a short, long, short, and 3 long setae on each side. Metanotum with majority of marginal setae of moderate length; metasternal plate with 8-11 (9.4) setae. Ab- domen with first 2-3 segments somewhat longer than remainder. Tergites III-IV tripartite, with remainder of tergites darker laterally, pigmentation as in Fig. 3. Tergocentral setae: 5-8 (6.0) on I, 9-12 (10.1) on II, 9-14 (11.9) on III, 10-16 (13.0) on IV, 9-13 (10.9) on V, 7-12 (9.4) on VI, 4-8 (6.6) on VII, and 4-5 (4.5) on VIII; these setae usually medium to long, but with occasional short or minute seta within row, especially on more posterior segments; tergocentral setae on VIII typically all minute. Anterior tergal setae: 4-11 (6.8) on I, 10-15 (12.5) on II, 2-4 (3.1) on III, 1-3 (2.1) on IV, 0-7 (2.9) on V, 0-1 (0.3) on VI, and 0 on VII-VIII. Postspiracular setae very long except variable on V and short on IV. Last tergite with 2 minute lateral setae, then 2 very long setae, and a group of 2-5 short to minute inner posterior setae on each side. Sternite II with lateral grouping of shorter setae; sternites II-III usually with at least 2 longer median marginal setae. Vulva flatly rounded, sometimes indented slightly at midline; 32-37 (34.4) evenly spaced short marginal setae. Anal fringe of 44-52 (48.3) setae ventrally, 38-49 (43.8) dorsally. Dimensions: preocular width, 0.33-0.35; temple width, 0.47-0.49; head length, 0.30-0.32; prothorax width, 0.30-0.32; metathorax width, 0.47—0.52; total length, 1.59-1.69.

Although the above description applies only to females from P. pyrrhocorax, those from all additional hosts, including the type hosts of all synonyms, show remarkable similarity to this material. The only indication of potential differences lies in such quantitative features as number of tergocentral, anterior tergal, vulval, and anal setae. The setal counts of some individuals are outside the limits given

PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, No. 1, MARCH, 1965 9

6

TTT % a8

Figs. 1-4, Colpocephalum fregili. Fig. 1. Dorsoventral view of female; Fig. 2. Dorsoventral view of male; Fig. 3. Pigmentation of dorsum of abdomen of female; Fig. 4. Male genitalia.

Fig. 5, Colpocephalum tristis, n. sp., dorsoventral view of female.

10 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 1, MARCH, 1965

for lice from P. pyrrhocorax; however, there is always sufficient overlap among the series to prevent any separation. Since the wider limits of setal number may be of assistance to others studying these lice, we shall give here the composite range for certain counts, including data from 3-11 females from each type host of the synonyms. Tergocentral setae: 9-19 on II, 7-19 on III, 8-18 on IV, 7-19 on V, 4-16 on VI, 4-13 on VII, 4-9 on VIII. Anterior tergal setae: 4-17 on II, 0-6 on III, 0-7 on IV. Ventral anal setae, 36-56; dorsal anal setae, 33-55. Marginal vulval setae, 28-41. Metasternal setae, 6-15. Except for total length, 1.34—1.93, other size ranges are from 0.02—0.04 wider at each extreme.

Male.—Specimens from type host as in Fig. 2. Chaetotaxy of head and thorax similar to female. All abdominal segments of approximately equal length and with uniformly pigmented undivided tergites. Tergocentral setae: 4-5 (4.3) on I, 4-7 (5.8) on II, 6-9 (7.2) on III, 7-10 (8.0) on IV, 6-9 (7.5) on V, 6-8 (7.2) on VI, 4-5 (4.5) on VII, 4 on VIII; lengths of setae much as with females, except for generally longer setae on VIII. Anterior tergal setae: 5—7 (5.8) on I, 10-13 (11.8) on Il, 1=7 (4.5), on Tl, 1-6 (3:5) on IV, 0-3 (1.2) om V, (093"(210)) oneViy and 0 on VII-VIII. Postspiracular setae long on all segments. Each side of last tergite with 2 medium-long setae laterally, then 2 very long setae, and 2-3 medium setae. Genitalia as in Fig. 4; genital sclerite with bluntly pointed lateroposterior projec- tions; penis barbed. Dimensions: preocular width, 0.32—0.33; temple width, 0.44— 0.45; head length, 0.29-0.31; prothorax width, 0.29-0.30; metathorax width, 0.39- 0.41; total length, 1.42-1.47; genitalia length, 0.52—0.57.

Again, as with the females, the above description is restricted to specimens from P. pyrrhocorax. A consideration of 3-S males from each type host of the synonyms shows an expansion of the tergocentral setal ranges as follows: 4-14 on II-VI, 3-11 on VII, 4-8 on VIII. The ranges of all series overlapped those from the type host of Colpocepha- lum fregili. The most variable quantitative feature involves the an- terior tergal setae, whose composite ranges extend from 5—26 on II and 0 as a minimum to 17-25 as a maximum on III-VHI. The lice from Corvus splendens lie in the upper region of these ranges, showing, re- spectively, on H-VII, 14-26 (19.6), 6-18 (13.4), 10-19 (13.5), 8-21 (13.8), 7-21 (13.5), 5-18 (12.0), and 4-16 (10.0). Those from C. macrorhynchos encompass the widest range, showing on I-VIII, 8-20 (12.0), 3-18 (9.0), 4-19 (9.2), 2-25 (9.8), 0-17 (7.3), 0-16 (6.0), and 0-17 (4.8). The lice from Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax and Pyrrhocorax graculus have counts at the lower portion of the ranges, with other series intermediate in position. Thus, even though males from Corvus splendens have consistently more anterior tergal setae than those from P. pyrrhocorax, the great variability of these counts, coupled with the presence of considerable overlapping of counts from series from other hosts, makes reliable separation into species seemingly impossible on this basis. Furthermore, these setae may appear shorter when they are more numerous, a deceptive feature should one have at hand only short series of lice lying at both limits of the range. Total length of males varies from 1.12-1.79, with other dimensions being from 0.01-

PROG. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 1, MARCH, 1965 11

0.04 wider at each extreme. Thus, with no reliable quantitative or qualitative features for differentiation of species for either sex, we must conclude that, in light of our present knowledge, all series considered here are conspecific with Colpocephalum fregili.

Bedford (1939) recognizes the similarities of a number of these lice. He considers Colpocephalum fregili and C. semicinctum to be syno- nyms of C. subaequale, but fails to note the unavailability of C. subae- quale. In addition to the type hosts of the above, Bedford notes the following hosts to have this same species: Corvus macrorhynchos, C. brachyrhynchos Brehm, C. capensis Lichtenstein, C. rhipidurus Hartert, C. albicollis Latham, and “Australian Common Crow.” Hopkins and Clay (1952) point out the correct status of Colpocephalum subaequale, but they recognize C. semicinctum as a distinct species. Kellogg and Paine (1914) cite C. semicinctum as being not only from its type host but also from Corvus splendens.

Material examined.—Eight females, 4 males from Pyrrhocorax pyr- rhocorax from Eire and N. Wales; 29 females, 11 males from Corvus albus from Africa; 3 females, 4 males from P. graculus from England; 13 females, 4 males from C. enca from Sula Mangola, Borneo, and Philippine Islands; 32 females, 21 males from C. corax from Lower California, Clarion Island, England, and Africa; 3 females, 3 males from C. frugilegus from Scotland; 18 females, 13 males from C. splen- dens from Burma, Maldive Islands, and India; 28 females, 9 males from C. macrorhynchos from Thailand, Burma, Malaya, and Philippine Islands; 23 females, 14 males from C. albicollis from Africa; 22 females, 17 males from C. capensis from Africa; 17 females, 8 males from C. corone Linn. from Japan, Cape Verde Islands, Jugoslavia, and Egypt; 2 females, 2 males from C. coronoides Vigors and Horsfield from Tasmania; 15 females, 12 males from C. cryptoleucus Couch from U.S.A. and Mexico; 11 females, 8 males from C. ossifragus Wilson (no locality); 14 females, 15 males from C. rhipidurus from Jerusalem, Arabia, Uganda, and Abyssinia; 1 female from C. typicus ( Bonaparte ) from Celebes; 2 females from Cyanopica cyanus (Pallas) from Japan; 1 female, 1 male (paratype of C. trimaculatum) “Sur un Platycercus palliceps” with no further data.

Colpocephalum tristis, new species (Fig. 5)

Type host.—Corvus tristis Lesson and Garnot.

Female.—Specimens from type host as in Fig. 5. Chaetotaxy of head as for C. fregili. Pronotum marginally with a short, long, short, and 4 long setae on each side. Median marginal setae of metanotum all minute; metasternal setae, 10-13 (10.9). Tergites III-IV tripartite with II and/or V often showing similar signs of division. Tergocentral setae: 11-18 (13.1) on I, 20-25 (22.0) on II, 20=27 (22°5) on Ill, 18=25. (22.5) on IV, 17—24 (20.2) on V, 14-21 (18:2) on

12 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 1, MARCH, 1965

VI, 14-19 (16.0) on VII, 7-12 (9.3) on VIII; short to minute on I, longer laterally and shorter medially on II-VII, minute on VIII. Usually no anterior setae (1 specimen with 1 on II, 4 on IV, and 1 on V; 2 other specimens with 1 on IV). Postspiracular setae very long on all but IV-V. Last tergite with same chaetotaxy as in C. fregili, but more sharply indented at midline. Ventral abdominal chaeto- taxy much as for C. fregili, but with marginal vulval setae, 39-53 (45.5), ventral anal setae, 50-64 (58.7), and dorsal anal setae, 44-72 (57.6). Dimensions all within the limits given for C. fregili; the slightly telescoped state of the abdomen of the illustrated female accounts in large part for the appearance of being shorter and broader.

Females of C. tristis may be separated from those of C. fregili by (1) the larger number of long marginal pronotal setae (although C. fregili rarely may show the 4 long median setae on only one side, its usual condition is 3 long setae), (2) the larger number and relative lengths of tergocentral setae, (3) the very short mar- ginal metanotal setae, and (4) the larger number of marginal vulval and ventral and dorsal anal setae.

Male.—Close to that of C. fregili, but distinguished by the following features: (1) margin of pronotum with same chaetotaxy as with female, that is, with 4 long inner setae on each side instead of 3; (2) a greater number of tergocentral setae on most segments: 8-12 on I, 16-17 on II-V, 12-14 on VI, 11-12 on VII, and 8-10 on VIII; (3) a tendency for the tergocentral setae to be shorter than with C. fregili, with few if any extending completely across the following tergite; and (4) fewer and shorter anterior tergal setae: 0-1 on I, 1-5 on II, 1-4 on III, 0-7 on IV, 0-6 on V—VI, 0-3 on VII, 0-1 on VIII.

The foregoing is based on the 2 males from the type host. Three other males are available from Corvus fuscicapillus Gray, these pre- sumably representing the same species. They closely agree with char- acteristics of the above, showing tergocentral setae 10-14 on II, 15-18 on III-V, 13-14 on VI, 10-12 on VII, 5-7 on VIII, and anterior tergal setae 0-4 on II, 0-1 on III, 0-4 on IV, 0-3 on V-VI, and 0 on VII-VIII.

The 3 host species listed in material examined are interestingly enough all found in the same geographic area and are listed consecu- tively in Peters (1962). Thus, the occurrence of this species of louse, which is distinctive from the other species found on Corvus in other parts of the world, may substantiate the presumed relationship between these species of birds.

Material examined.—Fifteen females, 2 males from Corvus tristis from New Guinea; 3 females, 3 males from C. fuscicapillus from Waigeu (Western Papuan Islands); 1 female from C. woodfordi woodfordi (Ogilvie-Grant) from Solomon Islands; 2 females from C. w. meeki Rothschild from Bougainville Island.

The material from Corvus tristis was chosen as the type series and the disposition of the type material is as follows: holotype female, allo- type male, and 8 female paratypes deposited at the British Museum (Natural History); 6 female, 1 male paratypes at the University of Minnesota.

PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 1, MARCH, 1965 13

DISCUSSION

As noted earlier in this paper, the Colpocephalum from the Corvidae show a remarkable similarity to those from the owls and of the polybori- group from the hawks. Aside from specific differences in chaetotaxy, the principal means of separation was initially believed to lie in the tripartite nature of abdominal tergites II-IV for all females of the Corvidae material. Virtually all of the lice which are not overly cleared and are without internal interference show conspicuous division of these two tergites, as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 5. All Colpocephalum from owls (Price and Beer, 1963a) have females with complete ab- dominal tergites, without the pattern of Fig. 3, usually with a distinc- tively shaped gula, and lacking anterior tergal setae on the abdomen. C. fregili always has at least some anterior tergal setae, a differently shaped gula, and usually tergites III-IV conspicuously tripartite. Al- though females of C. tristis lack anterior tergal setae, the lengths and numbers of tergocentral setae and the tripartite tergites are most dis- tinctive from the owl lice. Males of owl Colpocephalum also always lack anterior tergal setae and show little sexual dimorphism; the males of the Corvidae Colpocephalum usually have anterior tergal setae on at least several segments and show a distinct sexual dimorphism.

The species of the polybori-group (see Price and Beer, 1963b) of the hawk Colpocephalum have females with an anterior setal row present on some abdominal tergites and thus differ from C. tristis. The in- clusion of C. trimaculatum Piaget within the hawk lice resulted solely from its close morphological similarity, since we only had the one female and one male paratypes from what we presumed to be an in- correct host. However, now that we have studied the Colpocephalum of the Corvidae, we realize that the correct affinity of C. trimaculatum is with the lice of the Corvidae and that it is synonymous with C. fregili. The type host of C. trimaculatum was from the Zoological Garden of Rotterdam, thus offering opportunity for straggling from one host to another; coincidentally with this, Piaget (1880) described his C. elongatum from Pyrrhocorax alpinus from the same Zoological Garden. Although C. maculatum Piaget as well as several other hawk species of Colpocephalum was likewise collected from this site, additional speci- mens we obtained from other sources verified the correctness of the hosts.

The abdominal pigmentation shown by the remaining three species of the polybori-group of hawk lice is very close to that of Fig. 3, and on several specimens weak lines on tergite III] and sometimes TV may be an indication of a division of these tergites. In our paper on the Colpocephalum of hawks, we had concluded that these tergites for this group of hawk lice were probably entire, although poorly sclerotized centrally. We must now admit that the possibility of a tripartite state

14 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 1, MARCH, 1965

for tergites III-IV exists among lice of the polybori-group; however, it is not as pronounced in material we have seen as with most Colpoce- phalum of the Corvidae. Reference to our keys (Price and Beer, 1963b) to the species of hawk and owl Colpocephalum will enable differentia- tion of females of C. fregili from C. maculatum, C. Pibicter (Eichler), and C. polybori Rudow, and males of C. fregili from C. Pibicter and C. polybori, bearing in mind that C. trimaculatum is a synonym of C. fregili. The number of anterior tergal setae on II-VI will usually, but not always, enable separation of males of C. fregili from C. maculatum.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We wish to thank Dr. Theresa Clay, British Museum (Natural History), and Dr. K. C. Emerson, Stillwater, Oklahoma, for the loan of many important speci- mens and for their help pertinent to the preparation of this manuscript. In addi- tion, we thank Dr. J. F. Gates Clarke, United States National Museum, Dr. Jerry A. Powell, University of California, and Dr. J. Porter Woodring, Louisiana State University, for the loan of additional lice for this study.

LITERATURE CITED

Bedford, G. A. H. 1939. Notes on Menoponidae (Mallophaga) with descriptions of new genera and species. Onderstepoort Jour. Vet. Sci. & Animal Indust. 12: 121-152.

Hopkins, G. H. E. and Theresa Clay. 1952. A check list of the genera & species of Mallophaga. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.), London. 362 pp.

Kellogg, V. L. and J. H. Paine. 1914. Mallophaga from birds (mostly Corvidae and Phasianidae) of India and neighbouring countries. Rec. Indian Mus. 10: 217-243.

Peters, J. L. 1962. Check-list of birds of the world. Vol. XV. Cambridge, Mass. x + 315 pp.

Piaget, E. 1880. Les Pédiculines. Essai monographique. E. J. Brill, Leide. xxxix + 714 pp.

Price, R. D. and J. R. Beer. 1963a. The species of Colpocephalum (Mallophaga : Menoponidae ) known to occur on the Strigiformes. Jour. Kansas Ent. Soc. 36: 58-64.

1963b. Species of Colpocephalum (Mallophaga : Menoponidae) para- sitic upon the Falconiformes. Canad. Ent. 95: 731-763.

Tendeiro, J. 1958. Etudes sur les mallophages. Sur une petite collection de mal-

lophages prélevée au Mozambique. Garcia de Orta 6: 223-240.

PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 1, MARCH, 1965 15

NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF THE GENUS MARGARODES GUILDING, WITH A DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES FOUND IN TEXAS

(CoccomEA; MARGARODIDAE )*

Burruss McDAnie.L, Jr., Department of Biology, Texas College of Arts and Industries, Kingsville, Texas

The family Margarodidae were erected by Morrison (1927) and con- tains as its type the genus Margarodes Guilding. The following year he published a monumental work that treated the entire family Mar- garodidae which has been used as the basis for all subsequent classifi- cation dealing with the family. Since the late Dr. Harold Morrison has been recognized by coccidologists all over the world as being the fore- most authority of this group, it is only fitting that the new species herein described be named in honor of him in recognition of his con- tribution to science.

The genus Margarodes Guilding, according to Morrison (1928), con- tained 25 species. Of these, three were recorded from North America: M. hiemalis Cockerell, from New Mexico; M. meridionalis Morrison, from Georgia and Florida; and M. rileyi Giard, from Florida.

The genus Margarodes has in the past appeared in the literature due to its unique habits of being a subterranean group and of being able to survive through periods of adverse environmental conditions. This has brought about extensive interest in the group resulting in a large amount of literature pertaining to the genus Margarodes.

Morrison (1928) constructed a key to 11 members contained in the genus which included the three that were known to be present in North America. However, he states that the key was not based on an ex- tended critical morphological study and was to be considered as only suggestive. During the course of the present work it was found that certain structures used by Morrison did not lend themselves in sepa- rating only the North American species. Therefore, new structures have been employed. This does not imply that the key by Morrison is not workable as it applies itself quite well to the species he considered. No attempt has been made, however, to revise the key constructed by Morrison to include the new species herein described. Instead, an en- tirely new key has been constructed for only the North American species.

Margarodes morrisoni, n. sp. (Fig. 1)

Adult female—Body oval-shaped; derm not chitinized. Dorsum beset with multilocular disk pores near margin and in submargin; interspersed with numerous

1 This research was supported in part by legislative appropriation to Texas Col- lege of Arts and Industries for organized research, Grant no. 449-3.

16 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 1, MARCH, 1965

: Aang 9.757 735 14 9°49 7) 44 4g ot 40°%

Sey 4

Soeteeel, wet, rd [og ore

Pee

Fig. 1, Margarodes morrisoni n. sp., left side showing taxonomic characters of dorsal view of female holotype; right side, taxonomic characters of ventral view.

“acorn-shaped,” and less numerous simple, setae. Central section of dorsum de- void of setae of either type. Ventrally: antennae 7-segmented; segment 1 large, short, with several setae; segment 2 large, indicated by a suture, form similar to segment 1 but longer, with many small setae arranged in row near distal end; seg- ments 3, 4, 5, and 6 smaller than segments 1 and 2, all with setae arranged in a similar fashion as described for segment 2; segment 7 larger than segments 3-6, rounded at apex, with 12 stout sensory setae of varying lengths. Legs I strongly modified for digging, claw portion heavily sclerotized, tapering to knife-like edge on inner surface, trochanter and coxa fused, with setae and sensory pores. Legs

PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 1, MARCH, 1965 17

II and III much smaller, resembling legs I in being modified for digging, tarsal claw extending to sharp point at apex, trochanter and coxa fused, with numerous setae and sensory pores. Mouthparts indicated by small microscopic hole where rostralis was removed in process of mounting.” Thoracic spiracles well developed, opening circular with lightly sclerotized bar, internal disk pores of two types with 5-6 macropores arranged in cluster in center of opening and 2-6 micropores found in center of ring of macropores or in outer area between macropore and rim of spiracles. Five small abdominal spiracles on abdominal segments 1-5. First ab- dominal spiracle usually with 4 internal disk pores arranged in circle around open- ing of spiracle. Internal disk pores sometimes wanting in some abdominal spiracles on same specimen. Abdominal segments clearly delineated with each segment having two types of setae: the “‘acorn-shaped” type scattered irregularly on all abdominal segments, extending to segment containing legs I, and simple setae of various sizes dispersed among “acorn-shaped” setae, not situated in rows. Multi- locular disk pores dispersed irregularly throughout ventral region, circular with 4—6 macroloculi in center of ring of microloculi. Anal opening semicircular with internal tube. Male.—Not available.

Type.—tThe species described from a female holotype from Steno- taphrum secundatum (Saint Augustine grass), collected in Corpus Christi, Nueces County, Texas, in 1963 and deposited in the National Collection of Coccoidea, Washington, D.C. Paratypes collected at type locality on same date as holotype deposited in the Coccoidea Collection of the Department of Entomology and Parasitology, University of Calli- fornia, Davis (single female) and author’s personal collection (single female ).

Remarks.—Margarodes morrisoni may be separated from all other species of Margarodes found in North America by the presence of “acorn-shaped” setae scattered over entire body. In a key constructed by Morrison (1928) M. morrisoni keys to M. trimeni but is separated from this species by the arrangement and distribution of the “acorn- shaped” setae.

The following redescription of species of Margarodes found in North America were made possible through the kind assistance of Louise M. Russell, by making available for study the following scale insects de- posited in the National Coccoidea Collection: M. hiemalis Cockerell, from Poston, Arizona, December 22, 1942; M. meridionalis Morrison, from roots of Bermuda grass in Douglas, Arizona, February 16, 1934; and M. rileyi Giard, from Key Largo, Florida, October 29, 1923.

* Mouthparts that are customarily attached to the ventral portion of scale insects are located on dorsal side of the scale covering (commonly referred to as the pearl covering ). The only indication of a mouthpart on the scale itself is the rostralis which enters the insect between legs I and II. This is discussed in detail in a forth- coming paper by McDaniel and Peacock treating the morphology and host-plant relationship.

18

PROC, ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 1, marcH, 1965

eft side showing taxonomic characters of

Fig. 2, Margarodes hiemalis Cockerell, | c characters of ventral view.

dorsal view of female; right side, taxonomi

PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 1, MARCH, 1965 19

Margarodes hiemalis Cockerell (Fig. 2)

Adult female.-—Body oval-shaped. Dorsum with two types of setae: the long hair-like forms found in clusters at margin of posterior section of body and small microsetae arranged irregularly over dorsal surface. Ventrally: antennae 7- segmented; segment | short, ring-like, 3 times as broad as long, with small micro- setae near distal end; segment 2 small, not broad as segment 1, also with small microsetae as found in segment 1; segment 3 transversely oval; segment 4 short and broad; segments 5 and 6 with microsetae scattered irregularly over segments and 2 microsetae located at anterior end of each segment; segment 7 spherical with numerous macrosetae of same structure as those found in segments 5 and 6. Legs I strongly modified for digging, claw portion heavily sclerotized, inner surface pitted with surface toothed, trochanter and coxa fused, with setae. Legs II and III smaller than legs I, modified for digging, claw with surface toothed as shown on anterior legs, differing in that they do not extend to apex of claw. Thoracic spiracles well developed, opening circular with a flap-like extension; four internal disk pores well developed, absent in abdominal spiracles. Six abdominal spiracles, absent on last 2 segments. Derm minutely papillose. Abdominal segments with two types of setae: those slender or extremely elongated, arranged in clusters at margin of body in posterior region of abdomen, irregularly scattered over remainder of venter, and microsetae, not elongated, of normal structure, scattered over venter. Multilocular disk pores present on abdominal segments of 2 types: those with only microloculi found throughout pore; and those containing 13-18 macroloculi throughout pore. Abdomen with conspicuous, stout boss broadly curved at the apex, bearing long hair-like setae and multilocular disk pores. Anal opening located anterior to boss, opening a semicircular, transverse slit with internal lobe.

Margarodes meridionalis Morrison

(Fig. 3)

Preadult female-—Body oval-shaped; derm thin. Dorsum with multilocular disk pores dispersed throughout, being more numerous on posterior section and two types of setae: small “acorn-shaped” type at margin of body beginning with fourth abdominal segment, two clusters at posterior section; and simple setae scattered over entire surface, there being two types, macro- and microsetae. Ventrally: antennae 7-segmented; segment | with several macro- and microsetae; segment 2 short, ring-like, much broader than long, with sensory pore and numerous setae; segment 3 short, ring-like, setae at anterior portion; segments 4, 5, and 6 trans- versely oval, with row of setae at distal end; segment 7 spherical with macro- and microsetae, some being sensory in function. Legs I large, strongly modified for digging, claw terminating in point, without teeth, trochanter and coxa fused, micro- setae present and arranged in linear manner with several sensory pores, tibia and tarsus not flexible, with macro- and microsetae present. Legs II and III similar in structure to legs I, with claw reduced in size. Mouthparts in specimen available for study indicating that they are preadults.* Thoracic spiracles well devoloped, oval, with sclerotized bar, 5 macropores located in a circular manner and enclosing 5 micropores. Abdominal spiracles 7 in number in specimen available for study

’ See description of M. morrisoni n. sp. for adult mouthparts.

20 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, No. 1, MARCH, 1965

with 4 internal disk pores. Abdominal segments clearly delineated, each segment with two types of setae: the “acorn-shaped” type arranged in linear rows on pos- terior half of each abdominal segment, none found anterior to first abdominal segment, arranged in groups at apex; and simple setae also arranged in linear fashion associated with “acorn-shaped” setae. Multilocular disk pores with small ring of 12 microloculi bearing 2 macroloculi in center dispersed irregularly over entire ventral section of body, most numerous on posterior region. Anal opening semi- circular with 2 lateral projections and an internal tube.

Fig. 3, Margarodes meridionalis Morrison, left side showing taxonomic characters of dorsal view of female; right side, taxonomic characters of ventral view.

PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, No. 1, MaRcH, 1965 al

Margarodes rileyi Giard (Fig. 4)

Adult female——Body oval-shaped; derm not chitinized. Dorsum with multi- locular disk pores composed of a ring of approximately 15 microloculi in center of which are 4 macroloculi, simple setae and “acorn-shaped” setae: multilocular disk pores and simple setae scattered in marginal area and arranged in linear fashion

Fig. 4, Margorodes rileyi Giard, left side showing taxonomic characters of dorsal view of female; right side, taxonomic characters of ventral view.

bo bo

PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 1, MARCH, 1965

in center of dorsum becoming more numerous at posterior section; “acorn-shaped” setae confined to margin with none anterior to abdomen. Ventrally: antennae 7- segmented; segment 1 very short and ring-like, much longer than broad with 3 small setae; segment 2 slightly larger than segment 1, short and ring-like, much longer than broad with several small setae at distal end; segments 3, 4, 5, and 6 ring-like with line of small setae at distal end, 2 large sensory setae on outer mar- gin of line of small setae on each segment; segment 7 spherical, with several sen- sory setae and numerous simple setae. Legs I strongly modified for digging, claw portion heavily sclerotized, curved and tapering to blunt point, entirely smooth, trochanter and coxa fused, with setae and sensory pores. Legs II and III reduced in size, claw sickle-shaped, terminating in point, tibia and tarsi not flexible, tibia with setae. Thoracic spiracles well developed, kidney-shaped, with a chitinized bar which is flap-like in structure. Internal disk pores of two types: 6-8 macro- pores arranged in semicircle, with each composed of a ring of microloculi, 2 micro- loculi in center; and 3-4 micropores in center of semicircle formed by the macro- pore. Five abdominal spiracles present, reduced in size when compared to thoracic spiracles, with 3-5 internal disk pores. Abdominal segments delineated by arrange- ment of setae and disk pores. Ventrally: two types of setae: the “acorn-shaped” setae located on margin extending to first abdominal segment with none on cephalic region and restricted to last 3 segments in central region where they are strongly constricted apically, normally with a small but distinct apical nipple, and simple setae always associated with “acorn-shaped” type and scattered over entire ventral section. Multilocular disk pores over entire venter, of two types: those with small microloculi dispersed evenly throughout the pore, restricted to apex, and those with ring of microloculi and 4 macroloculi in center of ring found throughout ventral region. Anal opening semicircular with internal tube.

Key To SPECIES OF THE GENUS MARGARODES GUILDING Founp In NortH AMERICA

1. “Acorn-shaped” setae present on body; multilocular disk pores with micro- locular rimg. containing macroloculi) < S=2 2 = eee 2

“Acorn-shaped” setae absent; multilocular disk pores never with microlocu- lar ring, constisting of only microloculi or only macroloculi; apex of body with conspicuous stout boss broadly curved at apex hiemalis Cockerell

2. Multilocular disk pores with only 2 macroloculi within circle of micro- loculi; thoracic spiracle with 5 macropores enclosing 5 micro- DOLES | es CeO meridionalis Morrison

Multilocur disk pores with more than 2 macroloculi within circle of micro- loculi; thoracic spiracle with 6’ macropores 22 = = o

3. “Acorn-shaped” setae not anterior to abdomen, those on last 3 ventral seg- ments strongly constricted apically; multilocular disk pores of two types: those with 4 macroloculi in center of ring of microloculi, and those with only microloculi, presenti: ne ee ee ee ee rileyi Giard

“Acorn-shaped” setae not restricted to abdominal segments, not constricted apically; multilocular disk pores of dorsum with 6 macroloculi within circle of muicroloculitec. 34 2tas Cen 0 ake ee oe morrisoni N. sp.

PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 1, MARCH, 1965 23

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The author wishes to express his sincere thanks to Louise M. Russell, Entomology Research Division, USDA, for loan of specimens and to Mr. C. L. Garrett, Currie Seed Company, for specimens of M. morrisoni found infesting lawns in the Corpus Christi area.

LITERATURE CITED

Cockerell, T. D. A. 1899. On the habits and structure of the coccid genus Mar- garodes. Amer. Nat. 33: 415-417.

Giard, A. 1897. Sur la distribution geographique des Cochenilles du genre Mar- garodes et sur deux especes nouvelles de ce genre. Compt. Rend. Soc. Biol. (Paris) (ser. 10, t. 4) 49: 683-685.

Guilding, L. 1829. An account of Margarodes, a new genus of insects found in the neighbourhood of ants’ nests. Trans. Linn. Soc. London 16: 115-119.

Morrison, H. 1927. Descriptions of new genera and species belonging to the coccid family Margarodidae. Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 40: 99-109.

1928. A classification of the higher groups and genera of the coccid family Margarodidae. U.S. Dept. Agr. Tech. Bull. 52: 72-78.

A NOTE ON NEOSEIULUS HUGHES 1948 AND NEW SYNONYMY

(ACARINA: PHYTOSEIIDAE )

Some other workers also, but most recently Pritchard and Baker (1962, Hilgardia 33(7): 218), and Schuster and Pritchard (1963, Hilgardia 34(7): 199), place Neoseiulus Hughes in the Typhlodromini which is characterized by having more than 4 pairs of anterolateral setae. The type of Neoseiulus is N. barkeri Hughes. For this species Hughes (1948, Mites associated with stored food products, Min. Agr. Fish., London, 140 and 1961, Mites of stored food, Min. Agr. and Fish., Lon- don, 222.) shows only 4 pairs of anterolateral setae and Hughes (1964, in litt.) says, “I have examined the type slide of Neoseiulus barkeri and can see only 4 pairs of antero-lateral setae as in my drawing in “Mites of Stored Food.’” Thus the mite be- longs in the Amblyseiini and not the Typhlodromini. Hughes (1961) recognized this by synonymizing Neoseiulus with Amblyseius; Athias-Henriot (1961, Acarologia 3(4): 419) did the same and placed Amblyseius barkeri (Hughes) in “Groupe Cucumeris.” In 1959 (Fla. Ent. 42(3): 113), overlooking the available name Nebseiulus Hughes, I proposed the name Typhlodromopsis for the group of am- blyseiine mites with the general characters of the mite originally called Typhlo- dromus cucumeris Oud. Since Neoseiulus barkeri is a member of the cucumeris group, Neoseiulus has priority over Typhlodromopsis and is the name that should be used for this subgenus of mites. This leaves the group of mites, other than the cucumeris group, listed by Muma (1961, Bull. Fla. State Mus. 5(7): 287) under Typhlodromopsis without a name. The name Typhlodromips is proposed for this subgenus with T. simplissimus (DeL.) as type species.

For the Typhlodromine species placed by Muma (op. cit., p. 295) in Neoseiulus, i. e., transvaalensis ( Nesbitt ), singularis (Chant), and invectus (Chant), the generic name Mumaseius is proposed with Mumaseius singularis (Chant) as type of genus. —DonaLp Dr LEon, Erwin, Tennessee.

24 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 1, MARCH, 1965

THE ELAPHIDIONINE SUBGENUS PROTANEFLUS

(COLEOPTERA; CERAMBYCIDAE )

Joun A. CHemsak and E. G. Linstey,’ University of California, Berkeley

Protaneflus Linsley (1934), originally proposed as a monobasic genus based on the very narrow metathoracic episterna, the finely, densely pubescent body, and twelve-segmented antennae of the male, has been treated recently as a subgenus of Aneflus (Linsley, 1961; Chemsak and Linsley, 1963). In the interval since the taxon was first characterized, five species have been added and a sixth is here described—making a total of seven currently named species.

As now known, the subgenera Aneflus s. str. and Protaneflus are largely allopatric. Aneflus, containing 17 described species, is essentially a Mexican group, the species occurring in the area from southwestern United States to Chiapas and Yucatan. Protaneflus is primarily con- fined to Central America, in the region from Panama to Guatemala, but extends northward into Mexico at least as far as San Luis Potosi.

Aneflus (Protaneflus) Linsley Protaneflus Linsley, 1934, Psyche 41: 233. Aneflus (Protaneflus), Linsley, 1961, Pan-Pacific Ent. 37: 169; Chemsak and

Linsley, 1963, Bull. Brooklyn Ent. Soc. 58: 80.

This subgenus may be characterized by the fine, uniform, dense pubescence, twelve-segmented antennae of the males, and narrow metathoracic episterna. The front coxal cavities are open in all known species and the pronotal disk is shallowly, transversely rugulose with- out dorsal calluses.

Type species. Protaneflus pubescens Linsley (monobasic).

The following key will separate the species known to us:

KrEyY TO SPECIES OF PROTANEFLUS

I Antennae with third and fourth segments subequal in length, or third only slightly longer than fourth; head not asperately punctate 2

Antennae with third antennal segment twice as long as fourth; head grossly asperate punctate. Length, 30 mm. Veracruz —— eylindricollis 2(1). Antennae with scape longer than, or subequal to third segment —____ 3

Antennae with scape shorter than third segment, third segment 114 times as long as fourth; color dark brown, antennae almost black, pubescence dense, grayish white. Length, 30 mm. El Salvador __ zilehi

' The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the National Science Foun- dation through Grant GB-2326. Appreciation is also expressed to the following individuals and their respective institutions for the loan of material: G. Byers, Uni- versity of Kansas; J. F. G. Clarke, United States National Museum; P. J. Darlington, Jr., Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University; and P. Vaurie, Ameri- can Museum of Natural History.

PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 1, MARCH, 1965 25

3(2). Pubescence very short, fine, grayish to golden, not obscuring surface nor distinctly interrupted by rows of round denuded spots each en- closing a coarse puncture bearing an erect seta ____.._____-_________ 4 Pubescence dense, coarse, long, grayish, obscuring surface, interrupted by rows of round denuded spots each enclosing a coarse puncture bearing an erect seta; surface of pronotum obscured. Length, 24-32 MOTI CON Ss. Ateneo. ie Se rt eee i ee glabropunctatus 4(3). Antennae with third segment longer than, or subequal in length to EOmreg ee ATT) Ret ty Eee SOY Si Ee eee od to DE Ne 5 Antennae with third segment shorter than fourth segment; elytral pu- bescence very fine, dense, short, interrupted irregularly by round denuded spots each enclosing a coarse puncture bearing an erect seta; twelfth segment of male only slightly shorter than eleventh. Length, 25-30 mm. Veracruz to Honduras _.....___...-_.-._ pubescens

5(4). Antennae with segments densely clothed with very fine, minute, ap- pressed pubescence, surface not obscured, elytral pubescence uni- fonmlyehine) (lia: ties wma e A ee ebe eed Sapte 9 S| 6

Antennae with segments densely clothed with fairly long, coarse, de- pressed, white pubescence which obscures the surface; elytral pubescence consisting of dense patches of fine appressed yel- lowish white pubescence on surface around coarse punctures which bear coarse, recurved, white hairs. Length, 29-33 mm. Costa UGA ase Pate se) Dede: gh ha eee ee lel es be 27 tr I pilosicornis

6(5). Elytra pale brown to dark brown, punctures behind basal one-fourth smaller and more separated than circumscutellar punctures; fine pubescence yellowish white to golden; appendages usually brown- ish. Length, 21-30 mm. Mexico to Panama ____....-___- minutivestis

Elytra reddish brown, punctures behind basal one-fourth confluent, as coarse as circumscutellar punctures; appendages almost piceous; pubescence white, pale yellowish on head. Length, 25-31 mm.

EM Salvador tox Gostavnica: = 6. eee ee See nL Sones SOEs planus

Aneflus (Protaneflus) cylindricollis Bates Aneflus cylindricollis Bates, 1892, Trans. Ent. Soc., London 1892: 148, pl. 5, fig.

2; Linsley, 1936, Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer. 9: 471.

Aneflomorpha cylindricollis, Casey, 1912, Memoirs on the Coleoptera 3: 293. Aneflus (Protaneflus) cylindricollis, Chemsak and Linsley, 1963, Bull. Brooklyn

Ent. Soc. 58: 84.

We have not studied the type species but, judging from the original description, it is distinctive by having the third antennal segment twice as long as the fourth and the gross asperate punctures of the head.

Type locality. Jalapa, Veracruz.

Aneflus (Protaneflus) zilehi Franz Aneflus zilchi Franz, 1954, Senckenbergiana 34: 218; pl. 1, fig. 2. A dark brown, densely white pubescent species characterized by

having the antennal scape shorter than the third segment and the third longer than the fourth.

26 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, No. 1, MARCH, 1965

Type locality. Dept San Vicente: Finca El] Carmen, 1,300 m. Vulkan San Vicente, E] Salvador.

Aneflus (Protaneflus) glabropunctatus Chemsak and Linsley

Aneflus (Protaneflus ) glabropunctatus Chemsak and Linsley, 1963, Bull. Brooklyn Ent. Soc: 58: 84, pl. 1.

This species differs from others in the subgenus by the much denser pubescence which is interrupted by round denuded elytral spots each enclosing a coarse puncture bearing a coarse, erect seta.

Type locality. Pisté, Yucatan, Mexico.

Aneflus (Protaneflus) pubescens Linsley

Protaneflus pubescens Linsley, 1934, Psyche 41: 233. Aneflus (Protaneflus) pubescens, Linsley, 1961, Pan-Pacific Ent. 37: 169; Chemsak and Linsley, 1963, Bull. Brooklyn Ent. Soc. 58: 86.

Color pale brown to pale reddish brown with darker head, prothorax, and appendages. The elytral costae are feeble and the fine pubescence is very short, recumbent, and uniform with round denuded spots irregu- larly interspersed. The twelfth antennal segment of the males is only slightly shorter than the eleventh.

Type locality. Punta Gorda, British Honduras.

Additional records. 1 é, Allen Point, Ascension Bay, Quintana Roo, Mexico, IV-17-60 (J. F. G. Clarke); 3 ¢ ¢, Cayuga, Guatemala, V-15 (W. Schauss ); 1 ¢ , La Ceiba, Honduras, V-17-16 (F. J. Dyer).

Aneflus (Protaneflus) pilosicornis, new species

Female.—Form elongate, cylindrical, slightly tapering; elytra reddish brown, re- mainder of body darker; pubescence yellowish and white, that of elytra consisting of dense patches of fine, appressed, yellowish white pubescence on surface around coarse punctures which bear coarse, recurved, white hairs. Head rather finely, shallowly, confluently punctate on vertex except for median glabrous area; pubes- cence yellowish white, fairly long, appressed, moderately dense, erect hairs almost absent; antennae eleven-segmented, extending to about mid-elytra, distinctly taper- ing apically, scape confluently punctate, moderately clothed with fine, depressed, white hairs, segments two to six densely clothed with long, depressed, coarse, white pubescence, segments from seventh densely clothed with short, white, appressed hairs, long suberect hairs abundant on basal segments, scape longer than third segment, third longer than fourth, segments five to ten subequal, eleventh longest, segments three to eight spined at apices. Pronotum longer than broad, cylindrical, sides subparallel, apex with a narrow, glabrous, impressed margin, base slightly constricted; disk convex, coarsely, shallowly, transversely rugose, punctures vague; pubescence moderately dense, yellow white and depressed and white and suberect; prosternum impressed, coarsely punctate and rugose, pubescence dense, yellowish white and depressed and white and suberect; metasternum coarsely, rugosely punctate, more finely toward edges, pubescence at edges very dense, coarse, ap- pressed; scutellum densely clothed with recumbent yellow white pubescence.

PROG. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 1, MARCH, 1965 27

Elytra more than three times as long as broad, slightly tapering apically; basal punctures coarse, irregular, somewhat rugose, confluent; pubescence on surface around punctures yellowish, minute, appressed, each puncture bearing a coarse, white, recurved or suberect hair; apices bispinose. Legs slender; femora moderately coarsely, densely punctate, moderately densely pubescent. Abdomen sparsely punc- tate; pubescence yellowish, appressed, white and depressed and yellowish white and suberect; apex of last sternite rounded. Length, 29-33 mm.

Holotype female (United States National Museum) from San Jose, Costa Rica, HI-23 (F. Nevermann); one female paratype from Costa Rica (F. Nevermann, E. Gongora).

This species presumably resembles A. (P.) zilchi Franz, judging from the illustration of that species (1954). Both have the basal anten- nal segments densely clothed with coarse depressed pubescence. How- ever, pilosicornis has the antennal scape longer than the third segment.

Aneflus (Protaneflus ) minutivestis Chemsak and Linsley

Aneflus (Protaneflus) minutivestitus Chemsak and Linsley, 1963, Bull. Brooklyn Ent Soc: 58: Go, pl. Il:

This species varies in ground color from pale brownish to pale red- dish brown with darker appendages. The twelfth antennal segment of the males is one-half as long as the eleventh, or slightly less. The pu- bescence is fine, uniform, varying from whitish to yellowish.

Apparently the species ranges from the state of San Luis Potosi in Mexico to Panama. Specimens are at hand from E] Salvador and Barro Colorado, Canal Zone, each locality possibly representing a distinct subspecies. However, the lack of definitive series and gaps in distribu- tional records makes subspecific assignments undesirable at this time. The following material is tentatively designated as representing A. (P.) minutivestis.

1 ¢, Senahu, Guatemala, XI-14-34 (F. Miinchmeyer); 1 6,1 92, El Salvador (A. Martinez Cuestas); 1 ¢, San José, Costa Rica (F. Never- mann, E. Gongora); 1 9, La Lola, Costa Rica, III-9-58 (M. J. Stelzer); 1 6,2 2 9, Barro Colorado, Canal Zone, I-35 (M. Bates); 2 @ ?, Barro Colorado, XII-25-40, I-2-41 (K. W. Cooper); 1 ¢, Barro Colorado, V-41 (J. Zetek); 1 ¢, Barro Colorado, III-6-56 (C. W. and M. E. Rettenmeyer ); 1 9°, Barro Colorado, H1-30-40 (G. C. Wood).

Aneflus (Protaneflus) planus Franz Aneflus protensus planus Franz, 1954, Senckenbergiana 34: 219, pl. 1, fig. 3.

The coarse confluent punctures covering at least the basal half of the elytra, the reddish brown ground color and piceous appendages, and white pubescence will distinguish this species.

Type locality. Dept. San Salvador: San Salvador.

Additional records. 1 4 , Turrialba, Costa Rica, VI-9-62 (H. Ruckes);

28 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, No. 1, MARCH, 1965

1 ¢, “Hamburgfarm, Reventazon, Ebene Limon,” Costa Rica, VII-1-29 (F. Nevermann ).

LITERATURE CITED

Chemsak, J. A. and E. G. Linsley. 1963. Synopsis of the known Mexican species of Aneflus. Bull. Brooklyn Ent. Soc. 58(2-3): 80-96, 3 pls.

Franz, E. 1954. Cerambycidae (Ins. Col.) aus El Salvador. Senckenbergiana 34: 213-229.

Linsley, E. G. 1934. Some new longicorn beetles from British Honduras. Psyche 41 (4): 233-235.

. 1961. A reclassification of the described Mexican and Central Ameri-

can Sphaerionine Cerambycidae. Pan-Pacific Ent. 37: 165-183.

DISTRIBUTION AND HOST PLANTS OF OLIGONYCHUS PRATENSIS (BANKS)

(ACARINA: TETRANYCHIDAE )

During the 1930’s the senior author became interested in a mite then called Paratetranychus simplex Banks. More recently Pritchard and Baker, in revising the Tetranychidae, assigned to this mite the name Oligonychus pratensis (Banks). For years it had been known as the “date mite”, since it occurred in the date gardens of the Coachella Valley of California. In a survey by Dr. Fenner Stickney’ and the senior author, collections of this mite were made. With only one exception, all mites of the above species were found on plants of the botanical class Monocoty- ledonae. Such selectiveness is rather rare among mites in the family Tetranychidae. Following is a listing of the host plants and the states from which O. pratensis was collected, including a few records by Pritchard and Baker (A Revision of the Mite Family Tetranychidae, Mem. Ser. Vol. 2, San Francisco, 1955).

Washington: Wheat (Triticum aestivum), 3 records; timothy grass? (Phleum pratense), 1 record; a grass, 1 record; Oregon: wheat (Triticum sp.), 1 record; Nevada: Agropyron intermedium, 1 record; Utah: aspen (Populus tremuloides), 1 record; field corn (Zea maize), 1 record; New Mexico: wheat, 1 record; Kansas: wheat, 1 record; Louisiana: a grass (Panicum sp.), 2 records; Florida: sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum), 2 records; para grass, 1 record; Texas: grasses, 2 records; California: Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon), 14 records; ryegrass (Elymus sp.), 1 record; a grass (Echinochloa colonum), 2 records; a grass (Eragrostis cilianensis), 1 record; a grass (Chloria virgata), 1 record; a grass (Boutelove barbata), 1 record; a grass (Sporobolus cryptandrus), 1 record; a grass (Conchrus pauciflorus), 1 record; a grass (Setaria viridis), 1 record; a grass ( Digitaria sanguinalis), 1 record; a reed (Arundo donax), 1 record; date palm (Phoenix dactilifera), 2 records; Canary Island palm (Phoenix canariensis), 2 records; fan palm ( Washingtonia fili- fera), 1 record.—E. A. McGrecor and FENNER STICKNEY.

1 Deceased. * Types from this host and locality.

PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 1, MARCH, 1965 29

NEW PLACEMENTS FOR SOME SPECIES OF PARANTHIDIUM (HYMENOPTERA: APOIDEA )*

J. S. Mourne, C.M.F.

While studying the Paranthidium species in the U.S. National Mu- seum, I had the opportunity to investigate the structural characters of Anthidium texanum Cresson and Dianthidium arizonicum Rohwer. That investigation shows that these species have a systematic position different from that indicated by Schwarz (1926) and Michener (1948 and 1951).

On the basis of the structural features, I propose a new genus, Adanthidium, for these two species and also remove from Paranthidium the subgenus Mecanthidium, suggesting a better position for it nearer to Dianthidium proper.

Adanthidium, n. gen.

Type species—Anthidium texanum Cresson, 1878.

Near Dianthidium. Mandibles of the female of normal length, with one tooth only, the apical one, small, followed by a continuous edge to the internal angle; maxillary palpi three-segmented. Clypeus overhanging base of labrum; subanten- nal suture straight; interalveolar area bicarinate; ocelli small; preoccipital ridge not carinate. Pronotal lobe lamellate, forming a small concave area on its upper side. Mesonotum projecting over and hiding pronotum as seen from above, with a large yellow cuneiform transverse spot on each side anteriorly, without lateromargi- nal stripes; mesepisternum sharply edged but not carinate; scuto-scutellar suture not sulcate; scutellum moderately projecting backward, slightly emarginate medi- ally, rounded laterally. Tegula wide, rounded-subdeltoid; cubito-anal nervure al- most coincident with Media. Arolia present; hind basitarsus narrow. Propodeum without a row of pits on its basal area; postspiracular sulcus weak. Metasoma elongate, segments not constricted basally; marginal depressions of terga well de- veloped, smooth, abruptly terminated at sides by a notch; gradulus of first tergum not carinate; sixth tergum rounded-truncate posteriorly, concave in profile, actual margin ventral, separated from posterior edge by a narrow subscopal area; sixth sternum semielliptical.

Antenna of male short, not reaching scuto-scutellar suture, flagellum cylindrical with second segment shorter than first. Posterior coxa unarmed; tarsi normal, not elongate. Sixth metasomal tergum with a pronounced premarginal elevation at each side, subcarinate along median line and the carina ending in small premargi- nal tubercle; seventh tergum wide, trilobate, lateral lobes broadly rounded, median one spinelike, forming distal extremity of a weak median dorsal carina. Fifth sternum produced, truncate and subemarginate apically; sixth and seventh sterna split, the later tapering in two ogival lobes.

1 This work was prepared at the U.S. National Museum and The University of Kansas. The opportunity to visit there was made possible through Rockefeller Foundation Grant RF-63046 to the University of Parana. Permanent address: De- partamento de Zoologia, Universidade do Parana, Curitiba, Brazil.

30 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 1, MARCH, 1965

This genus can be easily separated from Paranthidium by the shape of the mandibles of the female, the presence of the interantennal carinae, spots and anterior projection of the mesonotum, and in the male by the shorter antennae and the structure of the last metasomal tergum.

In the key of Michener (1948) A. texanum goes to Dianthidium, but the shape of pronotal lamella is quite distinct, the coxal spine of the male is absent, and the sharp carinae on the preoccipital ridge and on the mesepisternum are absent, etc.

From a conservative point of view Adanthidium could be included as a subgenus of Dianthidium, but other South American groups, such as Epanthidium, must be excluded on the basis of the earlier mentioned characteristics.

Mecanthidium has been considered a subgenus of Paranthidium, but probably this genus could be grouped with Dianthidium, as can be seen from M. sonorum Michener and M. macrurum Cockerell, in spite of the peculiar color of these species. Mecanthidium has the same structure of the marginal depression of the terga, suddenly abbreviated at each side by a notch, and the short antennae of the males. The presence of the carinae between the antennal sockets indicates its close relation to Adanthidium.

The species included are:

Adanthidium texanum (Cresson, 1878) n. comb. Adanthidium arizonicum (Rohwer, 1916) n. comb. For the separation of these two species, see Schwarz, 1926.

Paranthidium gabbi (Cresson) n. comb.

Anthidium gabbi Cresson, 1878, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. 7: 115.

I had the opportunity to study the type specimen of A. gabbi at the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. It seems to me that four female specimens in the U.S. National Museum, lot n:8239, from Mexico City, Mexico, H. C. Baker (“in trap with turpentine” ), belong to this species. There are six more female specimens of this species at the American Museum of Natural History, with a manuscript name by the late Mr. F. H. Schwarz.

P. gabbi is very similar to P. jugatorium by the pattern of the yellow markings, but is larger and more robust, and the ocelli have a larger size in that species, being very small in the other species of the genus.

Female.—Black with following yellow maculations: large subtriangular spot on each side of clypeus separated from apical border by narrow black band; a com- plete parocular stripe tapering above; a short stripe parallel to orbits on upper third of gena; very small spot on pronotal lobe; mesoscutal stripe in an inverted L at each side anteriorly; scutellar band along posterior margin, medially interrupted

PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 1, MARCH, 1965 31

and shortened before axillae, which are black; vestigial mesepisternal spot; upper anterodistal third of femur, anterior surface of tibia, and a small spot on basitarsus of front leg; small spots on distal ends of median and hind femora and a basal one on median tibia; discal bands on terga 1-6, broadly interrupted on first tergum, interruption diminishing in size to fourth tergum and bands complete on two last terga; small spot on lateral extremities of sterna 2-4. Tegula brownish-fuscous; nervures and pterostigma piceous, wings fuscous chiefly on anterior border.

Pubescence pale yellowish on dorsal side, becoming whitish towards ventral side, including scopal hairs; fuscous on black parts of terga. Short, but more developed on frons, gena, and flank of propodeum.

Punctures very dense and deep with shining cariniform intervals smaller than diameter of a puncture, almost uniform on head and thorax, slightly sparser on bases of terga, becoming finer and denser on the apical thirds of terga, particularly on first tergum, and lacking on narrow impunctate margins of terga 2-5. This margin broader on second tergum and becoming progressively narrower toward fifth tergum.

Eye length equal to upper interorbital distance and slightly longer than lower interorbital distance (84 : 84 : 82); interocellar distance less than ocellorbital, and this slightly longer than ocelloccipital distance (19 : 26 : 24 and comparative diam- eter of median ocellus 8). Mandible large, shaped as in P. jugatorium, with a very large apical tooth, its diagonal length equal to the length of eye, and apical width slightly longer than half length of eye (84 : 44).

Size.—Body length 10 mm, wing including tegula 9.5 mm; head and abdominal width 3.7 mm.

The allotype specimen and one alloparatype are deposited in the U.S. National Museum, six alloparatypes in the American Museum of Natural History, one in The University of Kansas, and one in my col- lection.

One of the alloparatypes has two small yellow spots on the vertex as in some specimens of Paranthidium jugatorium perpictum and the band on fourth tergum is complete.

LITERATURE CITED

Cresson, E. T. 1878. Descriptions of new North America Hymenoptera in the col- lection of the American Entomological Society. Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. 7: 61-232. Michener, C. D. 1942. Taxonomic observations on bees with descriptions of new genera and species (Hymenoptera: Apoidea). Jour. N. Y. Ent. Soc. 50: 273-282. . 1948. The generic classification of the anthidiine bees (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae). Amer. Mus. Novitates No. 1381: 1-29. 1951. in C. F. W. Meusebeck et al. Hymenoptera of America north of Mexico. U.S. Dept. Agr. Monogr. 2: 1137-1146. Rohwer, S. A. 1916. A new bee of the genus Dianthidium. Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. S92: Schwarz, H. F. 1926. North American Dianthidium, Anthidiellum, and Paranthid- ium. Amer. Mus. Novitates No. 226: 1-25.

32 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 1, MARCH, 1965

A CLARIFICATION OF THE STATUS OF LIRIOMYZA TRIFOLII (BURGESS) AND SOME RELATED SPECIES

(DiererRA: AGROMYZIDAE )

KENNETH A. SPENCER, 19 Redington Rd., London N.W. 3, England

There has been much confusion regarding the true status of Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess), which was originally bred from leaf-mines on Tri- folium repens L. in the District of Columbia. The name trifolii has re- cently been used by Griffiths, Hering, Nowakowski, and Spencer for the common European species mining Leguminosae in Europe, first described as congesta (Becker). Frick also identified as trifolii a species he bred from Medicago, Trifolium, and Vicia in Washington State. Hering (1957) described L. pisivora, bred from Lathyrus and Pisum in Germany, which cannot satisfactorily be distinguished on external characters from congesta (Becker). I have recently seen long series of a species bred from Leguminosae and six other families in Florida by C. Stegmaier which I considered to represent L. archboldi Frost; a further common species in Florida, occurring also on Legumi- nosae was identified as L. guytona Freeman (Spencer, 1963: 362).

I have now reviewed all my available material in this group, includ- ing specimens kindly lent by Prof. E. M. Hering, G. C. D. Griffiths, and G. Steyskal. I have been able to confirm the distinctness of con- gesta (Becker) and pisivora Hering. I have established that trifolii (Burgess ) is distinct from these two European species and represents one of the two highly polyphagous species widespread in Florida. I have discovered that Frick’s species from Washington is not trifolii (Burgess) but a new species described below as fricki sp. n. I have been able to clarify the position of L. archboldi Frost and L. guytona Freeman, which has now been found to be synonymous with L. munda Frick (Steyskal, 1964). I have also confirmed that L. pictella is definitely distinct from L. munda. These six species are discussed in more detail below.

I would like to thank George Steyskal, Insect Identification and Para- site Introduction Research Branch, U.S. Department of Agriculture, for a number of helpful comments on some of the problems dealt with in this paper and for assistance in final preparation of the manuscript.

Liriomyza archboldi Frost

Liriomyza archboldi Frost, 1962: 51-3. Holotype ¢ in coll. S. W. Frost.

Orbits entirely yellow, both vt on yellow ground, black of occiput reaching eye margin for short distance below outer vertical bristle; third antennal segment with conspicuously long pubescence; mesonotum brilliantly shining black, with large yellow patches in hind corners adjoining scutellum; mesopleura predominantly yellow, with black patch on lower margin and slightly extending up each side; anterior scutellar bristles arising from yellow ground; femora entirely yellow, tibiae

PROG. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 1, MARCH, 1965 Sie

and tarsi darker, brown; wing length up to 1.75 mm, discal cell relatively large, last section of vein m4 slightly less than three times length of penultimate; male genitalia: aedeagus as in Fig. la, b; surstyli each with two strong teeth (Fig. lc); spermal sac with blade conspicuously angular on outer corners (Fig. 1d).

The shining black mesonotum immediately distinguishes this species from trifolii (Burgess ). In this character it resembles munda Frick but is distinguishable by the more pubescent third antennal segment, both vt and the anterior scutellars arising from yellow ground, and the dis- tinctive genitalia.

The holotype and 20 paratypes were taken in a light trap in Florida. Specimens bred from Pisum sativum L. were included as paratypes but, following personal correspondence with Prof. Frost, it is now agreed that these represent L. trifolii. The host plant of archboldi thus remains to be clarified.

Material examined.

Florida: Highlands Co., Archbold Biological Station, 1 4 paratype, genitalia slide 780, taken at light, 9.xi.1959.

Liriomyza congesta (Becker )

Agromyza congesta Becker, 1903: 90. Three 9° syntypes in Zoologisches Museum,

Berlin.

Liriomyza congesta (Becker), Hendel, 1931-1936: 213.

Externally not distinguishable from trifolii (Burgess) apart from having acrosti- chals in two regular rows; male genitalia: aedeagus in side view as in Fig. 2a, mesophallus very small; distiphallus and mesophallus in ventral view as in Fig. 2b; spermal sac dark, blade large (Fig. 2c).

There has in the past been confusion over the status and possible synonymy of this species and trifolii (Burgess). Hendel (1931-1936: 214) thought the synonymy to be probable but not certain. Frick (1953) synonymized congesta with trifolii and was followed by Hering (1957), after seeing specimens of fricki sp. n. identified by Frick as trifolii. The name trifolii has subsequently been used by European workers in a number of minor papers. Sasakawa (1961) discusses tri- folii in Japan but his genitalia drawings show that the species referred to is pisivora Hering.

Becker described this species from 1 ¢ and 3 ? caught in Egypt. I have seen the three female syntypes but the male appears to be lost. In its absence I do not propose to designate a lectotype. I have also seen males from Egypt recently caught on Vicia faba which clearly represent Becker's species. The genitalia of these and other specimens now show conclusively that congesta is entirely distinct from trifolii.

Hammad (1955) confirms this species on Vicia faba and Pisum sativum L. at Alexandria, Egypt.

34 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 1, MARCH, 1965

Fig. 1, Liriomyza archboldi Frost: a, aedeagus, side view; b, distiphallus, ventral view; c, surstylus; d, spermal sac. Fig. 2, Liriomyza congesta (Becker): a, aedeagus, side view; b, distiphallus, ventral view; c, spermal sac. Fig. 3, Liriomyza fricki sp. n.: a, aedeagus, side view; b, distiphallus; c, spermal sac; d, surstylus. Fig. 4, Liriomyza munda Frick: a, aedeagus, ventral view; b, spermal sac. Fig. 5, Lirio- myza pictella (Thompson): a, aedeagus, side view; b, same, ventral view. Fig. 6, Liriomyza pisivora Hering: a, aedeagus, side view; b, same, ventral view; c, sur-

PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 1, MARCH, 1965 35

The species is widespread in the Mediterranean area and throughout Western Europe.

Material examined. Egypt: Fayim, 2 @ (syntypes), March 1899 (Becker, No. 44788); Cairo, 1 ¢, caught on Vicia faba, Jan. 1963. Siala, 1 ° (syntype), March 1899 (Becker, No. 44878). England: Herts., Abbots Langley, 1 ¢, genitalia slide 606, ex Vicia (@DG,, d1%.00° (K-A;S. ). Hunts., Woodwalton Fen, 1 é, caught 16.vii.60 (Griffiths ). Kent, Darenth, 1 ¢ , ex Vicia sepium L., 13.v.1954 (Griffiths). Middx, Finchley, 1 ¢ , ex Vicia cracca L., 29.vii.53 (Griffiths). Persia: Gaht-i-Saar, 7,500 ft, 1 ¢, ex Vicia persica Boiss., 13.viii.61

( Griffiths ). Spain: Algeciras, 1 4, genitalia slide 702, ex Vicia faba, 24.iv.55 (K.A.S.).

Canary Is., Palma, El Paso, 1 4, genitalia slide 763, ex Vicia sp., 12.iv.1926 ( Hering ).

Liriomyza fricki sp. n.

Essentially as in L. trifolii (Burgess), with following points of difference:

Mesopleura almost entirely yellow, with at most a small, frequently indistinct, black bar below which does not extend along whole lower margin; femora entirely bright yellow, without any darker brown markings; acrostichals in two regular rows; male genitalia: aedeagus in side view as in Fig. 3a, distiphallus enlarged, elongated, mesophallus significantly shorter, darker, almost black; distiphallus and mesophallus in ventral view as in Fig. 3b; spermal sac with blade enormously en- larged (Fig. 3c), surstylus as in Fig. 3d.

Holotype ¢, genitalia slide 781, U.S.A., Washington State, Benton Co., Prosser, bred 3.vi.1953 ex leaf-mine on Medicago sativa L. (Lot No. 53.21), in U.S. National Museum. Paratypes 6 ¢, genitalia slide 640; 2, Prosser, ex Vicia villosa Roth., 18.vii.1950 (Lot No. 227-1), 4, Yakima Co., Buena, ex Trifolium hybridum L., 10.vi. and 19.vii.1950 (Lot No. 207-1), 4 in U.S. National Museum, | in Zoologisches Mu- seum, Berlin, 1 in author’s collection; entire series collected by K. E. Frick. There are 5 ¢ ¢ and 8 9° 9 in the U.S. National Museum and in Frick’s personal collection which I have not seen and which cannot be designated as paratypes.

This is the species used by Frick in preparing his key to North American Liriomyza species, where it is included as trifolii in Couplet

— stylus. Fig. 7, Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess): a, aedeagus, ventral view; b, spermal sac; c, phallobase, epiphallus, and aedeagal hood.

Scale line = 0.1 mm, that in upper left-hand corner applying to all figures without accompanying line.

36 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 1, MARCH, 1965

34 (Frick, 1959: 400 and 410). Apart from its more yellow coloration, L. fricki is immediately distinguishable from trifolii by the arrangement of the acrostichals in two regular rows.

Liriomyza munda Frick

Liriomyza munda Frick, 1957: 60; 1959: 407. Steyskal, 1964: 388. Holotype 4 in California Academy of Sciences.

Liriomyza guytona Freeman, 1958; Spencer, 1963: 362; Steyskal, 1964: 388. Holo- type ¢ in U.S. National Museum.

Orbits yellow, both vertical bristles on dark ground, vti at margin of black and yellow; mesonotum brilliantly shining black; mesopleura largely yellow but variably black on lower half, either with separated black areas, as indicated by Frick for munda (1957: 67, Fig. E) or with entire lower half uniformly black. Male geni- talia: aedeagus in ventral view as in Fig. 4a, distiphallus distinctly divided, pale, basiphallus with darker, asymmetrical sidearms; spermal sac dark (Fig. 4b).

Steyskal (1964) after comparing the holotypes of guytona Freeman and munda Frick synonymized guytona with munda. I have myself seen paratypes of guytona and munda and can confirm this synonymy. It has been further suggested by Steyskal (private communication ) that munda may be synonymous with propepusilla Frost, 1954, but I prefer to leave the establishment of this possible synonymy to an American worker who is able to examine the holotype of propepusilla.

This is a highly polyphagous species. Frick (1957: 63) records tomato, potato, and Datura meteloides as hosts and also “frequenting tobacco.” I have seen specimens, bred by C. Stegmaier in Florida, from Bauhinia, Cajanus, Cassia, Cestrum, Cucumis, Cucurbita, Hydrocotyle, Passiflora, Phaseolus, Plantago, Ricinus, and Solanum; I bred the species myself in Jamaica from Moringa.

Liriomyza pictella (Thomson )

Agromyza pictella Thomson, 1868: 609. Holotype ¢ in Riksmuseum, Stockholm. Liriomyza pictella (Thomson), Frick, 1957: 66; 1959: 408.

Orbits distinctly darkened to upper fronto-orbital; mesopleura predominantly black, only upper margin yellow. Male genitalia: aedeagus as in Figs. 5a, b; distiphallus shorter, broader than in munda and basiphallus paler, less chitinized.

I have examined the holotype from California. It is even darker than suggested by Frick and the mesopleura resemble the illustration given for propepusilla Frost (Frick, 1957: 67, Fig. A).

The differences in coloration and genitalia make this species im- mediately distinguishable from munda Frick.

Steyskal (private communication) has examined specimens identi- fied by Frick as pictella, reared from a number of different plant fami- lies, and in all cases the species has proved to be munda. The name pictella must therefore, for the time being, be restricted to the holotype, the host plant of which is unknown.

PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 1, MARCH, 1965 ot

Liriomyza pisivora Hering

Liriomyza pisivora Hering, 1957: 12. Holotype ¢ in Zoologisches Museum, Berlin.

Color exactly as in congesta (Becker) and trifolii (Burgess) except for the black bar on lower margin of mesopleura being possibly smaller, more as in fricki; acrostichals in two rows, slightly irregular. Male genitalia: aedeagus in side view as in Fig. 6a, mesophallus largely fused into greatly enlarged distiphallus (Fig. 6b); surstyli distinctive, appearing almost rectangular, with a blunt chitinized area on inner corner representing a rudimentary spine (spermal sac lost in only available specimen ).

De Meijere (1925: 282) first established that a second species closely related to congesta (referred to as leguminosarum sp. n.) occurs on Leguminosae, and misidentified it as pusio Meigen. Hering (1957: 12) subsequently confirmed the distinctness of the two species on the basis of constant differences in larva and leaf-mine. In pisivora there are normally 4 or 5 and sometimes as many as 8 bulbs on each posterior spiracular process (3 only in congesta); the leaf-mine normally begins on and is frequently largely confined to the lower surface (largely up- per surface in congesta). Hering has noted the mine in Germany on Lathyrus spp. and Pisum spp.

It is not possible satisfactorily to distinguish pisivora from congesta on external characters.

Material examined.

Germany: Berlin Botanical Gardens, 1 ¢ paratype, genitalia slide 754, ex Lathyrus silvestris L., 8.vii.1951 (E. M. Hering).

Liriomyza trifolii ( Burgess )

Oscinis trifolii Burgess, 1879: 201. There are no types in the U.S. National Mu- seum and they must be presumed lost.

Agromyza trifolii (Burgess): Coquillet, 1898, Bull. Dept. Agric. Ent. 10: 78; Malloch, 1913, Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer. 6: 278.

Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess): de Meijere, 1925: 282; Hendel, 1931-1936: 213; Frick, 1952: 405; 1959: 410; Spencer, 1963: 354 (as archboldi Frost).

Burgess described this species from material bred from leaf-mines on Trifolium repens L. in the District of Columbia. In the absence of any type specimens and in view of the past confusion over the status of this species, it is considered desirable to establish a neotype. The specimen selected, a male bred from “alfalfa” (Medicago sativa L.) at Lafayette, Ind., 3.xi.1913 (J. M. Aldrich), is in the U.S. National Museum.

The essential characters of the species are as follows:

Orbits entirely yellow, both vertical bristles on yellow ground; black of occiput reaching eye margin beyond outer vertical bristle; all antennal segments bright yellow, third only finely pubescent; mesonotum blackish grey, distinctly pollinose; acrostichals irregularly in 3 or 4 rows in front, reduced to two rows behind, yellow

38 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 1, MARCH, 1965

patch at each corner adjoining scutellum; mesopleura with black patch normally extending along lower margin, sternopleura largely black, upper margin yellow; abdomen with tergites variably yellow laterally and on hind margins; legs: coxae yellow, femora largely so but with slight, variable brownish striation; tibiae and tarsi darker, brown. Male genitalia: illustrated by Spencer (1963: Fig. 73a, b, c, as archboldi Frost); distiphallus pale, distinctly divided into two symmetrical halves, slightly variable in form and length (Fig. 7a), mesophallus always narrow, obviously elongate; basiphallus entirely pale distally, more distinctly formed be- hind on one side only; surstyli ending in one well-developed spine with two slight hairs; spermal sac (Fig. 7b) pale, narrow, relatively small; phallophore, epiphallus, and aedeagal hood as in Fig. 7c.

The differences in the aedeagus between trifolii and munda are sur- prisingly small. In trifolii the mesophallus is distinctly narrower, more elongate, and the basiphallus is less strongly chitinized, appearing quite black in munda. These two species can be more reliably separated on external characters as follows:

Mesonotum brilliantly shining black; both vertical bristles arising inom. @arkicolor {uit al legeul RA | ars Se TE ate? munda Frick

Mesonotum blackish-grey, distinctly pollinose; both vertical bristles arising from yellow 2 = eee 6 eee eee trifolii (Burgess )

There appears to be a distinct variation in the distiphallus of trifolii. It is virtually identical in the neotype and in a specimen ex Tridax procumbens (genitalia slide 528) but more elongate and less indented in a specimen ex Pisum (genitalia slide 610, previously illustrated, 1963: Fig. 73b); there are minor variants between these two extremes in the seven other specimens I have examined. The genitalia are identi- cal in other respects, as are the adults on external characters. A com- parable variation has been noted in another highly polyphagous species, Phytomyza atricornis Mg. More detailed study will be required to decide whether this variation represents incipient speciation or whether it can in some way be explained as an associated characteristic of the polyphagy of the species concerned.

Frick (1959: 400) keys out this species as having two rows of acrosti- chals. This is not correct. Frick was misled on this point by consider- ing as trifolii specimens he collected in Washington in which the acrostichals are in two rows but which represent the new species fricki described earlier in this paper.

L. trifolii occurs commonly in Florida on Phaseolus, Pisum, and Vigna but it also occurs there on Allium; Capsicum and Solanum; Hibiscus; Cucumis and Cucurbita; Tribulus; and very frequently on Compositae. It is a dominant, polyphagous species and not limited to Leguminosae, as has been the concept hitherto.

Frick (1953: 72) accepts Oscinis trifolii Burgess as a homonym and

PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, No. 1, MARCH, 1965 39

synonym of Agromyza trifolii Kaltenbach, 1874; he then places Lirio-

myza trifolii (Burgess) as a synonym of L. congesta (Becker). These

two proposals are inaccurate both nomenclatorially and taxonomically; de Meijere (1925: 282) first suggested the homonymy of Oscinis tri-

folii Burgess and Agromyza trifolii Kaltenbach but Hendel (1931-1936:

213) rightly pointed out that this was not so. Agromyza trifolii Kalten-

bach is itself a synonym of A. nana Meigen.

In Frick’s (1959: 400) key to North American Liriomyza species L. trifolii runs to alliovora in couplet 32, not to couplet 34 as shown (Frick’s trifolii represents fricki n. sp.)

Material examined.

Medicago sativa L.: Indiana, Lafayette, 1 ¢ , 3.xi.1913 (neotype).

Trifolium repens L.: Florida, Hialeah, leaf-mines only, 16.vi.1963 (C. Stegmaier ).

Phaseolus sp.: Florida, Hialeah, ¢ ¢ and 9 2, 3.iv.1963 (C. Stegmaier).

Pisum sp.: Florida, Hialeah, ¢ ¢ and 9? 2, genitalia slide 610, Feb. 1963 (C. Stegmaier ).

Cucumis sp.: Florida, Immokake, 2 ¢, 2 92, genitalia slide 382, 3.ix.1961 (W. C. Allerz); Hialeah, ¢ 6 and 9 2, genitalia slide 605, Feb. 1963 (C. Stegmaier).

Cucurbita sp.: Florida, Hialeah, ¢ ¢ and @ ¢, Feb. 1963 (C. Stegmaier).

Capsicum sp. (green pepper). Florida, Hialeah, ¢ ¢ and 9 92, Apr. 1963 (C. Stegmaier ).

Solanum nigrum L.: Florida, Hialeah, ¢ ¢ and ¢ °, genitalia slide 605, Feb. 1963 (C. Stegmaier ).

Kallstroemia maxima (L.) T. & G.: Florida, Miami Beach, ¢ ¢ and 2 2, May 1963 (C. Stegmaier).

Tribulus terrestris L. (Zygophyllaceae): Florida, Hialeah, ¢ @ and

2 2, genitalia slide 740, May 1963 (C. Stegmaier ).

Baccharis halimifolia L.: Florida, Hialeah, ¢ ¢ and @ 2, Feb. 1963 (C. Stegmaier ).

Bidens pilosa L.: Florida, Miami, ¢ 6 and@ ?, genitalia slide 531, Aug. 1962 (C. Stegmaier ).

Dahlia sp. (cult.): Florida, Hialeah, 3 6 and @¢ 9, 30.viii.1962 (C. Stegmaier ).

Erechtites hieracifolia (L.) Rafin.: Florida, Hialeah, ¢ ¢ and 9° @, Feb. 1963 (C. Stegmaier ).

Eupatorium coelestrinum (L.): Florida, Hialeah, ¢ ¢ and 2 9, 18.ix. 1963 (C. Stegmaier ).

Flaveria trinervia Mohr: Florida, Miami, ¢ ¢ and 2? 2, I5.viii.1962 (C. Stegmaier ).

40 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 1, MARCH, 1965

Gaillardia aristata Pursh.: Florida, Key Bahia Honda, ¢ ¢ and @¢ 9, Aug. 1963 (C. Stegmaier ).

Gerbera jamesoni Bolus: Florida, Coral Gables, ¢ ¢ and 9 ?, May 1913 (C. Stegmaier ).

Lactuca sp.: Florida, Hialeah, ¢ ¢ and 92 ?, Feb. 1963 (C. Stegmaier).

Tagetes sp.: Florida, Hialeah, ¢ ¢ and @ ?, Feb. 1963 (C. Stegmaier).

Tridax procumbens L.: Florida, Miami, ¢ ¢ and @ 9°, genitalia slide 528, Aug. 1962 (C. Stegmaier ).

Zinnia sp. Florida, Hialeah, 1 6,19, 2.vii.1963 (C. Stegmaier ).

LITERATURE CITED

Becker, T. 1903. Agyptische Dipteren. Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin II.3: 90. Burgess, E. 1880. Ann. Report U.S. Dept. Agr. 1879: 201. Freeman, C. C. 1958. Liriomyza guytona: a new species of agromyzid leaf-miner. Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer. 51: 344-345. Frick, K. E. 1952. A generic revision of the family Agromyzidae (Diptera) with a catalogue of New World species. Univ. Calif. Publ. Ent. 8(8); 339-452. 1953. Some additions and corrections to the species list of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera). Canadian Ent. 85: 68-76. 1955. Nearctic species in the Liriomyza pusilla complex. No. 3 L. alliovora, new name for the Iowa onion miner. J. Kans. Ent. Soc. 28: 88-92. 1957. Nearctic species in the Liriomyza pusilla complex, No. 2 L. munda and two other species attacking crops in California. Pan-Pacific Ent. 33: 59-70. 1959. A synopsis of the species of Agromyzid leaf miners described from North America (Diptera). Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 108: 347-465. Frost, S. W. 1954. A new name for Phytomyza subpusilla Frost (Diptera). Ent. News 65: 73. 1962. Liriomyza archboldi, a new species (Dipt., Agromyzidae). Ent. News 73: 51-53. Hammad, S. M. 1955. On some dipterous leaf-miners from Egypt. Bull. Soc. Ent. Egypte 39: 391-394. Hendel, F. 1931-1936. Agromyzidae in Lindner. Flieg. pal. Reg. 6: 1-596. Hering, E. M. 1957. Bestimmungstabellen der Blattminen von Europa, Band 3, pp. 12-14. Dr. W. Junk, ’S-gravenhage. Kaltenbach, J. H. 1874. Die Pflanzenfeinde aus der Klasse der Insekten, Stuttgart. de Meijere, J. C. H. 1925. Die Larven der Agromyzinen. Tijd. Ent. 68: 282. Sasakawa, M. 1961. A study of the Japanese Agromyzidae (Diptera), Part 2: Pacific Insects 3: 307-472. Spencer, K. A. 1963. A synopsis of the Neotropical Agromyzidae. Trans. R. Ent. Soc. Lond. 115: 291-389. Steyskal, G. C. 1964. Descriptive and synonymical notes on Liriomyza munda (Diptera: Agromyzidae). Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer. 57(3): 388-389. Thompson, C. G. 1868. Eugenies Resa, Vol. 6(2): 609. Diptera. Stockholm.

PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, No. 1, MARCH, 1965 Al

TWO NEW SPECIES OF DACTYNOTUS RAFINESQUE FROM THE EASTERN UNITED STATES

(HoMopTERA:; APHIDIDAE )

A. THoMAs Onive, Department of Biology, Wake Forest College, Winston-Salem, N.C.

In this paper two new species of Dactynotus Rafinesque from the eastern portion of the United States are described. For an explanation of the terms, methods of clearing and mounting, etc., see Olive (1963).

The author expresses his appreciation to M. D. Leonard, D. D. Leonard, C. E. Olsen, and J. T. Katsanos for aid in obtaining the speci- mens of one species.

A mimeographed table of measurements for both species in this paper is available upon request.

Dactynotus ieonardi n. sp. (Figs. 1, 3, 4) Alate Viviparous Female

Color of living specimen.—Entire body dark brown to blackish. Cauda pale yellow.

Color of cleared specimen—Head and thorax dusky, abdomen pale. Antennal segments I, II, and base of III dark dusky; sometimes I slightly darker than II and base of III. Remainder of antennae dark. Rostral segments III and IV + V dark dusky to dark, basal segments dusky. Legs with basal half of femora pale, distal half dark dusky to dark. Basal tibiae dark dusky, shading to dark apically. Tarsi and extreme tips of tibia slightly paler than apical half of tibiae. Marginal sclerites pale dusky to dusky. Antesiphuncular sclerites broken and dusky. Postsiphuncular sclerites entire and dusky. Scleroites concolorous with marginal sclerites. Siphun- culi uniformly dark dusky to dark. Cauda, genital plate, and anal plate con- colorous with, or slightly paler than, marginal sclerites.

Morphological characters —Length of body, 2.34-3.59. Antennal segment II with 33-51 sensoria. Length of hairs on vertex, 0.03-0.045; on antennal segment III, 0.03-0.045. Rostrum attaining or slightly surpassing second coxae. Tarsal segment I with 5 hairs. Abdominal tergite VIII with 4, occasionally 3 hairs. Lateral tubercles small, clear, slightly convex, and usually not occurring on all marginal sclerites of a given specimen. (Few specimens of a population may be lacking tubercles altogether.) Siphunculi with apical third reticulated. Cauda long, narrow, and bearing 14-23 hairs; most specimens average about 17 or 18, but a few have several small, secondary, dorsal hairs.

Apterous Viviparous Female

Color of living specimens.—Similar to that of alate viviparae.

Color of cleared specimens.—Head dusky. Remainder of body pale to pale dusky. Antennae similar to those of alate viviparae. Legs with slightly less than basal two-thirds of femora pale, distal third dark. Tibiae with basal half dusky to dark dusky, shading to dark distally. Tarsi and extreme tip of tibiae slightly paler than rest of tibiae. Marginal sclerites appearing as pale dusky to dusky spots at

42 PROC. ENT, SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 1, MARCH, 1965

SEN. 33-51

ALATE VIV.

109-127

: A 14-20

T1- 1.05

SEN. 13-40

APT. VIV.

77-105

Fig. 1, Dactynotus leonardi n. sp.

bases of marginal hairs and marginal tubercles. Otherwise, coloration similar to that of alate viviparae.

Morphological characters —Length of body, 2.41-3.35. Antennal segment III with 13-40 sensoria. Length of hairs on vertex, 0.04—0.06; on antennal segment III, 0.03—0.045. Rostrum attaining third coxae. Marginal tubercles clear, small, slightly convex, seldom found on all marginal sclerites in a given specimen. Cauda long, narrow, bearing 13-22 hairs; average number about 17-18, with several secondary, dorsal hairs.

SEN. 34-55

9,0,0,0 9950.05 2,

ALATE VIV.

1,

Fig. 2, Dactynotus reynoldensis n. sp.

PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, No. 1, MARCH, 1965 43

Collections —On Rudbeckia hirta L.: Ridgewood, N. J., July 1962, D. D. Leonard, coll. West Nyack, N. Y., 1961, C. E. Olsen, coll.

On Rudbeckia serotina Nutt.: Hadley, Mass., 6-12-62, 7-17-62, J. T. Katsanos, coll.

Types.—Holotype: Alate viviparous female. Hadley, Mass., 6-12-62, on Rudbeckia serotina Nutt. J. T. Katsanos, coll. Deposited in the United States National Museum. Paracolonotypes: (Same data as holo- type.) There are 4 slides deposited in the collection of the author. Paratypes: There are 31 slides from Hadley, Mass., Ridgewood, N. J., and West Nyack, N. Y., deposited in the collection of the author.

Type-locality—Hockanum area, Hadley, Mass.

Chief distinguishing characters.—Body color dark brown to blackish. Cauda pale, very long and narrow. Tarsal segment I with 5 hairs. Abdominal tergite VIII with 4 or occasionally 3 hairs. Lateral tubercles small, clear, convex, and not always present on all marginal sclerites. Siphunculi uniformly dark.

Notes.—Other species of Dactynotus recorded from Rudbeckia spp. are D. ambrosiae (Thomas) and D. rudbeckiae (Fitch). Dactynotus leonardi differs from these two species by having lateral tubercles. Be- cause of the similarity of color leonardi could be confused easily with ambrosiae. Since rudbeckiae is orange-red and leonardi is dark brown to blackish, these two are easily distinguished in the field. Superfi- cially, leonardi is similar to Dactynotus chrysopsidicola Olive. D. chrysopsidicola is a much smaller aphid with very dark sclerotization, and occurs almost exclusively on Chrysopsis spp. D. leonardi also re- sembles D. nigrotuberculatus Olive in size and shape. However, nigro- tuberculatus is orange-red in life, and the marginal tubercles are dark instead of clear.

This species is named in honor of Dr. Mortimer D. Leonard.

Dactynotus reynoldensis n. sp. (Figs. 2, 5, 6) Alate Viviparous Female

Color of living specimens.—Head, thorax, and abdomen dark orange-red. An- tennae, legs, and siphunculi appearing blackish, cauda pale.

Color of cleared specimens.—Head and thorax dusky, abdomen pale. Antennal segments I, II, and base of III dark dusky, remainder dark. Sometimes entire antenna almost uniformly dark. Rostral segments III and IV + V dark dusky to dark; basal segments slightly paler. Legs with basal half of femora pale, distal half dark. Tibiae dark except apical tip which is slightly paler. Tarsi concolorous with apical tibiae. Marginal sclerites dusky. Antesiphuncular sclerites broken and dusky. Postsiphuncular sclerites entire and dusky. Scleroites concolorous with, or slightly paler than, marginal sclerites. Siphunculi uniformly dark. Cauda, genital plate, and anal plate dusky, or slightly darker than abdomen.

Morphological characters—Length of body, 1.84—2.34. Antennal segment III with 34-55 sensoria. Length of hairs on vertex, 0.025—0.04; on antennal segment

44 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 1, MARCH, 1965

III, 0.025-0.035. Rostrum attaining or slightly surpassing second coxae. Tarsal segment I with 5 hairs. Abdominal tergite VIII with 2 hairs. Lateral tubercles ab- sent. Siphunculi with slightly more than apical third reticulated. Cauda bearing 9-18 hairs.

Fig. 3, Apterous viviparous female of Dactynotus leonardi n. sp.; Fig. 4, Alate viviparous female of same. Fig. 5, Apterous viviparous female of Dactynotus reyn- oldensis n. sp.; Fig. 6, Alate viviparous female of same.

PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 1, MARCH, 1965 45

Apterous Viviparous Female

Color of living specimens.—Similar to that of alate viviparae.

Color of cleared specimens——Head dusky. Remainder of body pale to pale dusky. Antennae similar to those of alate viviparae. Legs with slightly more than basal half of femora pale, remainder of legs dark dusky to dark. Apices of tibiae and tarsi slightly paler than more proximal portion of tibiae. Marginal sclerites appearing as pale dusky to dusky spots at bases of marginal hairs. Antesiphuncular and postsiphuncular sclerites and scleroites concolorous with marginal sclerites. Otherwise, coloration similar to that of alate viviparae.

Morphological characters —Length of body, 1.60-2.21. Antennal segment III with 14-37 sensoria. Length of hairs on vertex, 0.04—0.05; on antennal segment III, 0.03—0.035. Rostrum attaining third coxae. Cauda bearing 12 to 17 hairs. Cauda very long and narrow, width at constricted area 14 entire length of cauda.

Collections—On Coreopsis major Walt.: Reynolda Gardens of Wake Forest College, Winston-Salem, N. C., 7-14-62, 6-20-63, 6-21-63, 6-29-63, 7-20-63; Saurtown Mountain, N.C., 7-6-63.

Types.—Holotype: Alate viviparous female. Reynolda Gardens of Wake Forest College, Winston-Salem, N.C., 7-14-62, on Coreopsis major Walt. A. T. Olive, coll. Deposited in the United States National Museum. Paracolonotypes: (Same data as holotype.) There are 16 slides deposited in the collection of the author. Paratypes: There are 25 slides deposited in the collection of the author.

Type-locality—In a small patch of woods across the street from the Faculty Apartments of Wake Forest College, Winston-Salem, N.C.

Chief distinguishing characters.—Body color dark orange red. Tibiae of alate and apterous forms uniformly dark except for extreme apices which are slightly paler. Cauda pale to dusky, very long and narrow. Tarsal segment I with 5 hairs. Abdominal tergite VIII with 2 hairs. Lateral tubercles absent. Siphunculi uniformly dark.

Notes.—To my knowledge, this is the only aphid of the genus Dacty- notus which has been recorded from Coreopsis spp. except D. am- brosiae (Thomas ). The two species may be distinguished most readily by the live color. D. reynoldensis is dark orange-red, whereas, am- brosiae is red brown to brown.

Two other “bright red” aphids with which reynoldensis may be con- fused are D. rudbeckiae (Fitch), and D. nigrotuberculatus Olive. The siphunculi of reynoldensis are uniformly dark, whereas those of rud- beckiae are pale at the bases. D. reynoldensis is much smaller than nigrotuberculatus and has 2 hairs on abdominal tergite VIII instead of 4-6. D. reynoldensis lacks lateral tubercles, while nigrotuberculatus has prominent dark ones.

LITERATURE CITED

Olive, A. Thomas. 1963. The genus Dactynotus Rafinesque in North Carolina (Homoptera: Aphidae). Misc. Publ. Ent. Soc. Amer. 4(2): 31-66.

46 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 1, MARCH, 1965

THE VERNON L. KELLOGG MALLOPHAGA TYPE MATERIAL IN THE CORNELL UNIVERSITY COLLECTION

K. C. Emerson, Stillwater, Oklahoma

Through the courtesy and assistance of Mr. Robert C. Dalgleish, I have examined 47 slides of Mallophaga given to Cornell University by Vernon L. Kellogg. In 1958, a report on the specimens given to the University of Kansas was published; and in 1961, a report on the speci- mens given to the USNM was published. These collections are of sig- nificance because Kellogg did not designate a holotype or type, but considered all material examined as cotypes. In some instances, the series he examined contained specimens from several hosts and are known to contain more than one species of Mallophaga. When genera are revised, and when the type series are found, lectotypes are being designated which assists greatly in stabilizing the Kellogg names.

In this paper, all specimens conspecific with the lectotype are ac- cepted as syntypes. Specimens not conspecific with the lectotype are regarded as no longer being syntypes. If a lectotype has not been desig- nated, all specimens listed by Kellogg are considered to still be syn- types.

In the Cornell University Collection of 47 slides, many have “cotype” labels which were added by someone other than Kellogg. These ap- parently were added without reference to the original descriptions, since there are many obvious errors. All specimens were remounted by Dr. F. H. Wilson several years ago. He preserved the original labels, but in at least one instance apparently made an error in remounting. The specimens are presently mounted in permanent media, but are uncleared. Detailed study needed for revision will require clearing and remounting.

Colpocephalum osborni Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 6: 521, pl. 71,

figs. 2 and 3.

Slide without a number. One male and one female syntype with label “Col- pocephalum osborni Kellogg, From Elanus glaucus, Palo Alto, Cal., V. L. Kellogg, Stanford.”

Present status—As originally described.

Docophorus atricolor Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 6: 93, pl. 3, fig. 9.

Slide number 21. Two female syntypes with label “Docophorus atricolor Kel- logg, From Synthliborhampus antiquus, Monterey Bay, Cal., V. L. Kellogg, Stan- ford.” Lectotype, designated by Carriker (1957), is on slide 63a in the Stanford University Collection.

Present status —A synonym of Craspedonirmus colymbinus (Denny, 1842).

Docophorus californiensis Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 6: 483, pl. 66, fig. 6

Slide number 407a. Two male syntypes with label “Docophorus californiensis Kell., From Melanerpes formicivorus bairdi, Palo Alto, Cal., V. L. Kellogg, Stan-

PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 1, MARCH, 1965 47

ford.” Lectotype, designated by Carriker (1957), is on slide 361la in the Stanford University Collection. Present status —Penenirmus auritus californiensis (Kellogg, 1896).

Docophorus calvus Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 6: 79, pl. 3, fig. 1.

Slide number 30A. One syntype female with label “Docophorus calvus K., From Uria troile californica, Monterey Bay, Cal., V. L. Kellogg, Stanford.” Kellogg mentioned only one female in the description. The USNM has a female on slide 64968 with the same data as given above. It is possible that Kellogg failed to record correctly the number of specimens since the data for each agree with the data given in the description. The female on USNM slide 64968 is herewith desig- nated lectotype.

Present status —Saemundssonia calva (Kellogg, 1896).

Docophorus distinctus Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 6: 477, pl. 65, fig. 5.

Slide number 486. One immature syntype with label “Docophorus distinctus Kell., From Corvus corax sinatus, Colorado, V. L. Kellogg, Stanford.” Present status.—A synonym of Philopterus corvi (Linnaeus, 1758).

Docophorus excisus major Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 6: 490.

Slide number 612. Two male syntypes with label “Docophorus excisus Nitz. var. major Kellogg, From Petrochelidon lunifrons, Palo Alto, Calif., V. L. Kellogg, Stanford.” Lectotype, designated by Carriker (1957), is on slide 372a in the Stanford University Collection.

Present status —Philopterus excisus major (Kellogg, 1896).

Docophorus graviceps Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 6: 82, pl. 3, fig. 3. Slide number 10. One male and one female syntype with label “Docophorus graviceps K., From Urinator pacificus, Bay of Monterey, Cal., V. L. Kellogg, Stan- ford.” Lectotype, designated by Carriker (1957), is on slide 125b in the Stanford University Collection. Present status —A synonym of Craspedonirmus colymbinus (Denny, 1842).

Docophorus insolitus Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 6: 94, pl. 4, fig. 5.

Slide number 16. One female and one immature syntype with label “Docophorus insolitus Kellogg, From Ptychoramphus aleuticus, Monterey Bay, Cal., V. L. Kellogg, Stanford.” Lectotype, designated by Carriker (1957), is on slide 163c in the Stanford University Collection.

Present status —Saemundssonia insolita (Kellogg, 1896).

Docophorus latifrons occidentalis Kellogg, 1899. Occ. Pap. Calif. Acad. Sci. 6: 6, pl. 1, figs. 5 and 8.

Slide number 387a. One female syntype with label “Docophorus latifrons var. occidentalis Kellogg, From Coccyzus californicus occidentalis, Baja, Cal., V. L. Kellogg, Stanford University.” Lectotype, designated by Carriker (1957), is on slide 428a in the Stanford University Collection.

Present status.—A synonym of Cuculoecus coccyii (Osborn, 1896).

Docophorus montereyi Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 6: 87, pl. 3, fig. 6.

Slide number 21. Two female syntypes with label “Docophorus montereyi Kell., From Synthliboramphus antiquus, Monterey Bay, Cal., V. L. Kellogg, Stanford.”

48 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 1, MaRcH, 1965

Lectotype, designated by Carriker (1957), is on slide 151b in the Stanford Uni- versity Collection. Present status.—Saemundssonia montereyi (Kellogg, 1896).

Docophorus occidentalis Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 6: 89, pl. 3, fig. 7.

Slide number 86. Two female and one immature syntypes with label “Do- cophorus occidentalis Kellogg, From Fulmarus glacialis pacificus, Monterey Bay, Cal., V. L. Kellogg, Stanford.”

Present status —Saemundssonia occidentalis (Kellogg, 1896).

Docophorus procax Kellogg and Chapman, 1899. Occ. Pap. Calif. Acad. Sci. 6:

54, pl. 5, fig. 1.

Slide number 29. Two female syntypes with label “Docophorus procax Kellogg and Chapman, From Cepphus columba, Bay of Monterey, Calif., V. L. Kellogg, Stanford University.” Lectotype, designated by Carriker (1957), is on slide 468a in the Stanford University Collection.

Present status—Saemundssonia procax (Kellogg and Chapman, 1899).

Docophorus rufus Kellogg, 1899. Occ. Pap. Calif. Acad. Sci. 6: 7, pl. 1, figs. 6 and 9.

Slide number 454. One male and one female syntype with label “Docophorus rufus Kellogg, From Myiarchus cinerascens nuttingi, Baja California, V. L. Kellogg, Stanford University.”

Present status.—Philopterus rufus (Kellogg, 1899).

Goniocotes creber Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 6: 510, pl. 69, fig. 3.

Slide without a number. Two female syntypes with label “Goniodes creber Kel- logg, From Phasianus nychthemerus, Bird Store, San Francisco, Calif., V. L. K., Stanford, °99.”

Present status—Probably a synonym of Goniocotes albidus Giebel, 1874.

Lipeurus gracilicornis major Kellogg, 1899 (nec Piaget, 1880). Occ. Pap. Calif.

Acad. Sci. 6: 30, pl. 3, fig. 3.

Epifregata fregatiphagus Eichler, 1943. Zool. Anz. 141: 59 (Nomen novum for

Lipeurus gracilicornis major Kellogg, 1899).

Slide number 128. One male and one female syntype with label “Lipeurus gracilicornis P. var. major Kellogg, From Fregata aquila, Panama, V. L. Kellogg, Stanford University.” Lectotype, designated by Carriker (1957), is on slide 401la in the Stanford University Collection.

Present status.—Pectinopygus fregatiphagus (Eicher, 1943).

Lipeurus macgregori Kellogg, 1899. Occ. Pap. Calif. Acad. Sci. 6: 33, pl. 3, figs. 5 and 6. Slide number 384. One female syntype with label “Lipeurus macgregori Kellogg, From Crotophaga sulcirostris, Panama, V. L. Kellogg, Stanford, University.” Present status.—Vernoniella macgregori (Kellogg, 1899).

Lipeurus macrocephalus Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 6: 504, pl. 68, fig. 3.

Slide number 420. One male and one female syntype with label “Lipeurus macrocephalus Kell., From Chordeiles virginianus henryi, Palo Alto, Cal., V. L.

PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 1, MARCH, 1965 49

Kellogg, Stanford.” Lectotype, designated by Carriker (1957), is on slide 370a in the Stanford University Collection. Present status—Mulcticola macrocephalus (Kellogg, 1896).

Menopon incertum Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 6: 533, pl. 73, fig. 2.

Slide number 758. One male and one female syntype with label “Menopon in- certum Kell., From Turdus ustulatus, Palo Alto, Cal., V. L. Kellogg, Stanford.” Kellogg listed as type material, specimens from Turdus ustulatus and Spinus tristis. The species of Myrsidea found on these two hosts are not conspecific. Dr. T. Clay is reviewing the genus Myrsidea and will designate a lectotype which will also fix the type host.

Present status—Myrsidea incerta (Kellogg, 1896).

Menopon infrequens Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 6: 161, pl. 15, fig. 5. Slide number 44. One male and one female syntype with label “Menopon in-

frequens, From Larus glaucescens, Monterey Bay, Cal., V. L. Kellogg, Stanford.” Present status —A synonym of Austromenopon transversum (Denny, 1842).

Menopon numerosum Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 6: 159, pl. 15, fig. 1.

Slide number 86. Two female syntypes with label “Menopon numerosum Kell., From Fulmarus glacialis, Monterey Bay, Cal., V. L. Kellogg, Stanford.” Present status —A synonym of Procellariphaga brevifimbriata (Piaget, 1880).

Menopon praecursor Kellogg, 1899. Occ. Pap. Calif. Acad. Sci. 6: 46, pl. 4, fig. 8. Slide number 411. Two female and one immature syntypes with label “Menopon

praecursor Kellogg, From Melanerpes uropygialis, Baja Cal., V. L. Kellogg, Stan-

ford University.” This slide also has a male of the genus Austromenopon which

was probably added through error by Wilson in remounting the material. Present status—Menacanthus praecursor (Kellogg, 1899).

Menopon titan linearis Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 6: 165, pl. 15, fig. 2. Slide number 127. Two male syntypes with label “Menopon titan linearis Kell.,

From Pelecanus californicus, Monterey Bay, Cal., V. L. Kellogg, Stanford.” Present status —A synonym of Piagetiella bursaepelecani (Perry, 1876).

Menopon tridens pacificum Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 6: 166.

Slide number 10. Two male and one female syntypes with label “Menopon tridens var. pacificum, From Urinator pacificus, Monterey Bay, Cal., V. L. Kellogg, Stanford.” The correct host is Fulica americana.

Present status —A synonym of Pseudomenopon pilosum (Scopoli, 1763).

Nirmus actophilus Kellogg and Chapman, 1899. Occ. Pap. Calif. Acad. Sci. 6: 78,

pla 6; fig,, 4:

Slide number 248. One male syntype with label “Nirmus actophilus Kellogg and Chapman, From Calidris arenaria, Bay of Monterey, Cal., V. L. Kellogg, Stan- ford University.” Lectotype designated by Carriker (1957), is on slide 494 in the Stanford University Collection.

Present status—Lunaceps holophaeus actophilus (Kellogg and Chapman, 1899).

Nirmus fusco-marginatus americanus Kellogg and Chapman, 1899. Occ. Pap. Calif. Acad. Sci. 6: 69, pl. 5, fig. 9.

50 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 1, MARCH, 1965

Slide number 4. Two female and one immature syntypes with label “Nirmus marginatus var. americana Kellogg and Chapman, From Colymbus nigricolis cali- fornicus, Bay of Monterey, Cal., V. L. Kellogg, Stanford University.” Lectotype, designated by Carriker (1957), is on slide 460a in the Stanford University Col- lection.

Present status.—Aquanirmus americanus (Kellogg and Chapman, 1899).

Nirmus penisularis Kellogg, 1899. Occ. Pap. Calif. Acad. Sci. 6: 21, pl. 2, fig. 9. Slide number 620. One male and one immature syntype with label “Nirmus penisularis Kellogg, From Phainopepla nitens, Baja California, V. L. Kellogg, Stanford University.” Lectotype, designated by Carriker (1957), is on slide 441a in the Stanford University Collection. Present status—Bruelia penisularis (Kellogg, 1899).

LITERATURE CITED

Carriker, M. A. 1957. Notes on some of the Vernon L. Kellogg types of Mallo- phaga. Microentomology 22: 95-110. Emerson, K. C. 1958. Catalogue of the types in the Snow Entomological Mu- seum. Part II (Mallophaga). Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull. 39: 507-518. 1961. The Vernon L. Kellogg Mallophaga type material in the United States National Museum. Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. 63: 247-254.

Kellogg, V. L. 1896. New Mallophaga, I, with special reference to a collection made from maritime birds of the Bay of Monterey, California. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 6: 31-168.

1896. New Mallophaga, II, from landbirds, together with an account of the mallophagous mouth-parts. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 6: 431-552.

1899. Mallophaga from birds of Panama, Baja California, and Alaska. Occ. Papers Calif. Acad. Sci. 6: 3-52.

Kellogg, V. L. and Bertha L. Chapman. 1899. Mallophaga from birds of Cali- fornia. Occ. Papers Calif. Acad. Sci. 6; 53-143.

FIRST RECORD OF OPOMYZA PETREI MESNIL IN EASTERN NORTH AMERICA

(DiprEeRA: OPOMYZIDAE )

According to Vockeroth (1961, Can. Entomol. XCIII: 503-522), the family Opomyzidae in the Nearctic region consists of ten native and three introduced species. Opomyza petrei Mesnil, an European species, was recorded in North America only from southwestern British Columbia and Vancouver Island.

During the summers of 1962-1964 numerous specimens of O. petrei (det. Vockeroth) were swept from grasses growing in roadside ditches or in partially shaded marshes at scattered localities in Portage, Medina, Summit, and Wayne counties of northeastern Ohio.—B. A. Foorr, Kent State University.

PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 1, MARCH, 1965 51

DISCOPYGIELLA, A NEW GENUS OF DOLICHOPODIDAE FROM MEXICO

(DreTERA ) Haroxip Rosinson, 620 So. Stewart St., Winchester, Virginia

The genus and four species described in this paper were collected by the author during recent trips to Mexico. The small size and the habit of remaining close to moist rock surfaces might explain the apparent lack of previous collections.

Discopygiella, gen. nov.

Small, yellowish or brownish, with setae mostly dark. Face narrower below, wider in the female, bearing hairs below in the female and sometimes in the male; front broad, broader above; face and front with blackish ground color; antenna with all segments short, first bare above, second slightly produced in the middle of the distal margin, third segment short and broad, with the arista borne in a shallow apical or subapical sinus; setae of the lower orbit pale. Thorax rather flattened on the posterior slope; acrostichals small, biseriate; five large dorsocen- trals; scutellum with a pair of large bristles and numerous marginal hairs; pro- episternum bare above, a few pale setae below. Fore- and middle coxae with numerous hairs on the anterior surface, longer setae on the forecoxa distally, all coxae with a bristle toward the outer side; middle and hind femora with a pre- apical bristle; foretibia with short stout anterodorsals forming a crest along the distal two-thirds, hind tibia with short stout posterodorsals forming a crest along the distal three-fifths; tarsi plain. Wing rather oblong—oval, slightly tinged with brown, veins brown; third and fourth veins rather straight and parallel beyond the posterior crossvein, second vein usually slightly diverging; crossvein perpendicu- lar to the last of the fourth vein, about two-thirds as long as the last of the fifth vein; sixth vein represented by a slight fold. Calypter pale with the margin and crest of long setae black; halter pale or slightly infuscated. Abdomen about as long as the thorax, stout, blunt, and rather compressed. Hypopygium discoid, capping the broad tip of the abdomen; tip bearing a short straight dark arm and a pale pubescent, short appendage.

Type species, Discopygiella setosa sp. n.

The genus closely resembles Peloropeodes Wheeler but is distin- guished by the discoid hypopygium with only small appendages, the distinctly biseriate row of acrostichals, the somewhat produced distal margins of the second antennal segment, the setae on the lower part of the face, the lack of a modified claw on the last joint of the foretarsus, and the complete lack of specialized setae on the tip of the middle coxa.

The following key will distinguish the four known species:

1. Tibia II with two strong posterodorsals, tibia III with two pairs of dorsals and a ventral on the basal half; face with two pairs of setae on or above the SULUTe wUpPPEHMOSt sveLy, Small) 2 eee D. setosa new species

Tibia II with only one strong posterodorsal, tibia III with anterodorsal and often the ventral near the middle lacking; face with only one pair of setae on or above the suture, face of male sometimes bare — Aes 2

Ol bo

PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 1, MARCH, 1965

bo

Tibia II with a strong ventral near the middle; thorax, especially the pleura usually partly yellowish; third antennal segments of the male with a slight shoxt) point). ps" WE Ie GP Tg ales Re ee ae D. discolor new species

Tibia III without strong ental: thorax wholly dark; third antennal segment rounded apically “a 4 ee Ee Ee ee eee 3

3. Antenna mostly yellowish; tibia II with a small posterodorsal near the middle, tibia III with a very indistinct ventral near the distal third; face of the male | fe Tee oath hee aN al te oh re eT i de SoS oll AP Lad > ERD oar D. xerophila new species

Antenna mostly blackish; tibia II without a posterodorsal near the middle, tibia III without a ventral; face of the male with a single pair of setae pelo edt ee Ee ONY a SI eR Lire ee D. chiapensis new species

Discopygiella setosa sp. n.

Male.—Length 1.7 mm; wing 1.8 mm by 0.7 mm.

Face about half as wide below as above, with two pairs of setae on or just above the suture, the upper pair very small, ground color nearly obscured by grayish- brown pollen; pollen on the front brown. Palpus black with a black apical seta; proboscis brownish-yellow. Antenna blackish, third segment blunt, bulging more below the subapical arista than above.

Thorax black with thin brown pollen, thicker grayer pollen on the pleura.

Legs mostly pale with the bases of the coxae and sometimes parts of the femora slightly infuscated, distal joint of the tarsi brownish; foretibia with crest of about nine short stout anterodorsals, a small posterodorsal near the middle; middle tibia with large antero- and posterodorsals paired near the basal fourth and just beyond the middle, with four apicals; hind tibia with a large antero- and posterodorsal paired near the basal fifth, a large antero- and posterodorsal and a ventral near the second fifth, crest from the second large posterodorsal to the tip rather promi- nent, four apicals. Length of the joints of the foretarsus from the base as 12-5-4- 3-4; middle tarsus as 14-8-6-4-4; hind tarsus as 7-10-7-5-5.

Abdomen dark brown or black, usually slightly flaring on the lower hind mar- gin; hypopygial capsule brown with grayish pollen.

Female very similar to the male with the face only slightly narrower below.

Holotype male and three male paratypes, from calcareous rock wet from seepage, partly shaded small ravine, a few miles south of Tama- zunchale, San Luis Potosi, Dec. 22-23, 1961; allotype female, four male and three female paratypes, from wet rocks by small roadside waterfall, above Valle Nacional, Oaxaca, Dec. 20, 1962; seventeen male and eleven female paratypes, from wet rocks by various small roadside waterfalls, above Valle Nacional, Oaxaca, May 12-16, 1963; two male and two female paratypes; from wet rocks by waterfall about 20 miles south of Pichucalco, Chiapas, May 24, 1963. Holotype and allotype in the U.S. National Museum (No. 67151), two male and two female paratypes at the Instituto de Biologia, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico, D.F., others in the author’s collection.

The setae of the face and legs are more fully developed in this species than in the remaining three. Fortunately the distinctive chae- totaxy of the legs of each species is shared by both sexes.

PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, No. 1, MARCH, 1965 53

Discopygiella chiapensis sp. n.

Male.—Length 1.7 mm; wing 1.7 mm by 0.6 mm.

Face about a third as wide below as above, with a single pair of setae just above the suture, ground color obscured by yellowish-gray pollen; pollen on the front brownish-gray. Palpus black with a black apical seta; proboscis brownish-yellow. Antenna blackish, third segment blunt, bulging more below the subapical arista.

Fig. 1, Discopygiella setosa sp. n., male, with a hypopygium shown separately. Line represents 1 mm.

54 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, No. 1, MARCH, 1965

Thorax black with greenish tinges, with thin brown or gray pollen, thicker grayer pollen on the pleura.

Legs including coxae pale, distal joint of the tarsi appearing darker; foretibia with a crest of eight or nine anterodorsals, the second to fourth often very small; middle tibia with a large antero- and posterodorsal paired near the basal fourth, a large anterodorsal just beyond the middle, with four apicals; hind tibia with a small posterodorsal and a slightly larger anterodorsal paired near the basal fifth, a large posterodorsal near the second fifth, posterodorsal crest rather distinct, four apicals. Lengths of the joints of the foretarsus from the base as 11-5-4-3-4; middle tarsus as 13-7-6-4-4; hind tarsus as 7-11-7-5-4.

Abdomen dark brown or black, usually slightly flaring on the lower hind margin; hypopygial capsule brown with grayish pollen.

Holotype male, from moist cement in spillway of small sluice gate, in the Botanical Garden, Gutierrez Tuxtla, Chiapas, May 23, 1963; three male paratypes, on moist rock by shaded stream, near road above Arriaga, Chiapas, May 22, 1963. Holotype in the U.S. National Mu- seum (No. 67152), one paratype at the Instituto de Biologia, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico, D.F., others in the author’s collection.

Discopygiella xerophila sp. n.

Male.—Length 1.6 mm; wing 1.7 mm by 0.6 mm.

Face about a fourth as wide below as above, without setae, ground color ob- scured by grayish-brown pollen; pollen on the front dense, brown. Palpus black with a black apical seta; proboscis brownish-yellow. Antenna mostly deep reddish- yellow, third segment rounded apically, arista subapical.

Thorax black with dense brown pollen, grayish pollen on the pleura.

Legs including coxae pale, distal joint of the tarsi appearing darker; foretibia with a crest of nine anterodorsals, the second to fourth very small; middle tibia with a large antero- and posterodorsal paired near the basal fourth, a large antero- dorsal and a very small posterodorsal paired just beyond the middle, with four apicals; hind tibia with a small posterodorsal and a slightly larger anterodorsal paired near the basal fifth, a large posterodorsal near the second fifth, posterodorsal crest rather weak, a very small indistinct ventral near the middle, four apicals. Lengths of the joints of the foretarsus from the base as 11-6-4-3-3; middle tarsus as 13-7-5-4-4; hind tarsus as 7-11-7-5-5.

Abdomen dark brown or black, usually not flaring on the lower hind margin; hypopygial capsule brown with grayish pollen.

Female very similar to the male with the face near half as wide below as above, having a pair of large setae on or just above the suture and one or two small setae on the clypeus.

Holotype male and one male paratype, from cement at edge of stag- nant pool, in shaded ravine behind large culvert, near km 660 on rt. 190, Oaxaca, Aug. 9, 1962; allotype female and one male paratype, from moist cement in spillway of small sluice gate, in the Botanical Garden, Gutierrez Tuxtla, Chiapas, May 23, 1963. Holotype and allo- type in the U.S. National Museum (No. 67153), one paratype at the Instituto de Biologia, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico, D.F., other para- type in the author’s collection.

PROC. ENT, SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 1, MARCH, 1965 Bo

The two collection sites for Discopygiella xerophila are in the rela- tively dry valleys of central Oaxaca and Chiapas. This is in particularly sharp contrast to D. setosa which is apparently restricted to the moist slopes facing the eastern Gulf coast.

Discopygiella discolor sp. n.

Male.—Length 1.7 mm; wing 1.7 mm by 0.6 mm.

Face very narrow below, less than a fourth as wide as above, without setae, ground color obscured by grayish-brown pollen; front with thin brown pollen. Palpus brown with a dark apical seta; proboscis yellow. Antenna usually yellowish but sometimes brown, third segment with a short point, arista subapical.

Mesoscutum usually pale brown with thin brown pollen, usually sides of meso- scutum and most of pleura yellowish.

Legs including coxae pale, distal joint of the tarsi appearing darker; foretibia with a crest of seven or eight anterodorsals, second and sometimes third very small; middle tibia with a large antero- and posterodorsal paired near the basal fourth, a large anterodorsal and sometimes a very small posterodorsal just beyond the middle, with four apicals; hind tibia with a rather large anterodorsal and a small posterodorsal near the basal fifth, a large posterodorsal and a large ventral near the second fifth, posterodorsal crest weak and sometimes indistinct, four apicals. Lengths of the joints of the foretarsus from the base as 10-6-5-3-4; middle tarsus as 13-7-6-5-4; hind tarsus as 7-9-7-5-5.

Abdomen dark brown or black with the basal sterna usually paler, usually flaring on the lower hind margin; hypopygial capsule brown with grayish pollen.

Female very similar to the male, but the lower part of the face nearly half as wide as above, bearing a pair of setae near the suture, one or two smaller setae on the clypeus; the third segment of the antenna blunt.

Holotype male, allotype female, four male and seven female para- types, from rock face moist from seepage, above roadside spring, just north of Chapulhuacan, Hidalgo, Aug. 13, 1962; one female, same site, Aug. 5, 1962; one male and one female, from wet rocks by small road- side waterfall, above Valle Nacional, Oaxaca, Dec. 20, 1962; eleven males and one female, from wet rocks by various small roadside water- falls, above Valle Nacional, Oaxaca, May 13-16, 1963; one male and one female, on moist rock by shaded stream, near road above Arriaga, Chiapas, May 21, 1963; one male, on moist rock by stream, in shaded ravine, near Tierra Colorado, Guerrero, May 29, 1963. Holotype and allotype in the U.S. National Museum (No. 67154), two male and two female paratypes at the Instituto de Biologia, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico, D.F., others in the author’s collection.

The species shows the widest distribution of the four, occurring on both the eastern and Pacific slopes. The specimens from near Tierra Colorada and Arriaga on the Pacific slope have the thorax wholly dark and the posterodorsal crest of the hind tibia very indistinct, but show all essential characters of the species.

56 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 1, MARCH, 1965

TECHNIQUES OF USE IN THE INSECT COLLECTION

Roy D. SHENEFELT, Dept. of Entomology, College of Agriculture, University of Wisconsin, Madison 6, Wisconsin

Some simple techniques are proving their value in the insect collection.

A. StTyROFOAM VIAL HOLDERS

Styrofoam boards 2” « 12” * 36” are sawed to the required size and drilled most of the way through at regular intervals. The holes are small enough so that the fit of the vials is fairly tight. The larger blocks shown in the photograph are used for general larval material and the smaller, used for different stages of a given species, are placed in USNM drawers immediately after the unit tray holding adults of the species.

The styrofoam holders have several advantages. They are lighter and cheaper than wood. Vials have their individual places, can easily be kept in order, and do not knock each other over. The ends of the blocks are readily labeled by writing the contents on a piece of stiff paper and pushing a couple of pins through it into the styrofoam.

One of the well-known disadvantages of styrofoam is its disintegra- tion under the influence of paradichlorobenzene. It does not break down at all when placed directly on naphthalene in a closed container, nor is it affected by chlorocresol (4-chloro-3 methylphenol). Conse- quently, substitution of naphthalene flakes for paradichlorobenzene eliminates the problem.

Be VEAtcs

The best one-dram vial which we have thus far discovered for keep- ing small insects in liquid is the 15 x 45-mm White Top Vial manu- factured by the Demuth Glass Works, Parkersburg, W. Va. The beads surrounding the neck of the polyethylene cap seem to aid in keeping the caps from blowing when temperatures rise, and the vial itself is a shell vial without a shoulder so items are easily removed.

Most larger-sized vials have a polyethylene cap with a solid bottom. Much less popping and better retention of liquids occur if the bottom of such a cap is cut off entirely. Merely puncturing the bottom appears to have little influence in reducing the problem.

C. ScaLE INSECTS AND SMALL DAMAGE SAMPLES

For the handling of small samples of insect damage, scale insects in situ and comparable materials, the butyrate plastic tubes used by foresters for storing increment cores and other small things have nu- merous advantages. They may be cut with scissors to the length de- sired and sealed at both ends by inserting plastic plugs. A little cotton

PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 1, MARCH, 1965 57

is placed in one end and the plug inserted. The specimen is introduced from the other end and a wisp of cotton used to hold it in place. A label is placed between the cotton and the wall of the tube and the specimen dried. After drying is completed (which may be speeded considerably by means of vacuum, heat, or desiccator), the plug is placed in the other end. The tubes are then stored in the proper places in USNM trays. The butyrate tubes show no signs of being affected by either paradichlorobenzene or naphthalene, though kept resting on each for a year in a closed container, but are quickly broken down by chlorocresol.

Such tubes are much lighter than glass tubes, are much easier to pre- pare, and are not subject to breakage. They retain their transparency and are available in several diameters, those shown being *s, %6, and * inch.

D. REARING CONTAINERS

Some of the Heinz baby food jars have a screw-on cap consisting of a ring and a separate lid. After the contents have been consumed and the jars washed, the lid may be pushed out from the ring, a piece of saran screen fitted in, and a very nice rearing jar results. This tech- nique was learned from a couple of entomologists who have small chil- dren—and an ample supply can be obtained gratis from friends and graduate students.

58 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 1, MARCH, 1965

THE CORRECT NAMES OF TWO PHLAEOTHRIPIDS ASSOCIATED WITH PINE

( THYSANOPTERA )

KeELLIE O'NEILL, Entomology Research Division, ARS, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C.

The following synonymies are presented for the benefit of those con- cerned with the biology and control of Gnophothrips fuscus (Morgan ) on Pinus spp.

Gnophothrips fuseus (Morgan), n. comb.

Trichothrips fuscus Morgan, 1913, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 46 (2008): 30-31, figs. 55-57. (Holotype from Florida, in USNM, No. 15734.)

Liothrips fuscus (Morgan), Hood, 1918, Queensland Mus. Mem. 6: 132; Stannard, 1957, Ill. Biol. Monog. 25: 61.

Gnophothrips piniphilus J. C. Crawford, 1938, Proc. Wash. Ent. Soc. 40(2): 39. (Holotype from New York, in USNM, No. 52231.) New synonymy.

C. Jacot-Guillarmod (in correspondence, 1963) called my attention to this synonymy, which he and I have confirmed by examination of the types. Crawford (1938) described the species under the name piniphilus from specimens damaging pine seedlings in New York and Rhode Island. MacNay (1957: 138) reported damage by piniphilus to pine in eastern Canada, and I have identified specimens from dam- aged pine in Florida and Virginia. I have also received a long series collected “from wood of house,” in Massachusetts in June, an occur- rence I cannot explain, since the species undoubtedly feeds on living trees:

Studies on the biology of Gnophothrips fuscus have been compli- cated by the presence of a similar species, Leptothrips pini (Watson), which, although peculiar to pine, is certainly predatory, as its con- geners are. Gnophothrips can readily be distinguished from Leptothrips species by its stouter body and somewhat shorter legs; it lacks the maxillary bridge and prepectus, which are present in Leptothrips; and its wings are often reduced, and when fully developed are parallel sided and lack accessory fringe cilia, whereas the wings of Leptothrips species are always fully developed and soleshaped, and those of L. pini have 4 or 5 accessory fringe cilia.

Leptothrips pini (Watson), n. comb.

Cryptothrips pini Watson, 1915, Ent. News 26(2): 49, pl. 2, figs. 1-4. (Type series from Florida, in the Watson and USNM collections. )

Haplothrips pini (Watson), Watson, 1923, Fla. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 168: 61; Stan- nard, 1957, Ill. Biol. Monog. 25: 52.

Leptothrips mali (Fitch), Hood, 1927, Ent. News 38(4): 112. Misidentification. Although Hood (1927) synonymized Cryptothrips pini Watson with

Leptothrips mali (Fitch), he remarked that Florida specimens were

PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 1, MARCH, 1965 59

not typical mali and might have to be recognized by another name. Most specimens of Leptothrips I have seen that were taken on Pinus spp. in eastern U.S., including those of Watson’s type series in the National Collection, are pini.

Leptothrips pini differs from all other species of its genus except L. singularis Hood (1941: 149) in having 2 instead of 4 sense cones on antennal segment IV. It differs from singularis, also a pinicolous species, in color. L. singularis has a pale prothorax and orange internal pigment instead of the uniformly dark body and purple internal pig- ment typical in the genus. Leptothrips pini is represented in the Na- tional Collection by specimens from Florida, Georgia, South Carolina, Maryland, New Jersey, and New York; and I have seen a specimen from Michigan that is probably an example of this species.

LITERATURE CITED

Crawford, J. C. 1938. Some new or little known Thysanoptera. Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. 40(2): 35-43. Hood, J. D. 1918. New genera and species of Australian Thysanoptera. Queens- land Mus. Mem. 6: 121-150. 1927. Nineteen synonyms in North American Thysanoptera. Ent. News 38: 112. 1941. A century of new American Thysanoptera. 2. Rev. Ent. (Rio de Janeiro) 12(1-2): 139-243, illus. MacNay, C. G. 1957. Forest and shade tree insects. Canad. Insect Pest Rev. 35( 2): 1383=140. Morgan, A. C. 1913. New genera and species of Thysanoptera, with notes on dis- tribution and food plants. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 46(2008), 55 pp., illus. Stannard, L. J. 1957. The phylogeny and classification of the North American genera of the suborder Tubulifera (Thysanoptera ). Ill. Biol. Monog. 25, vii plus 200 pp., illus. Watson, J. R. 1915. New Thysanoptera from Florida. Ent. News 26(2): 49-52, pl. 2, illus. 1923. Synopsis and catalog of the Thysanoptera of North America, with a translation of Karny’s keys to the genera of Thysanoptera and a bibliogra- phy of recent publications. Univ. Fla. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 168, 100 pp.

ECOLOGICAL NOTES ON TABANIDAE, RHAGIONIDAE, AND XYLOPHAGIDAE IN EUROPE

( DIPTERA )

Tabanidae

A mature larva of Hybomitra schineri Lyneborg (det. L. L. Pechuman) was found among emergent vegetation in a shallow, exposed marsh at Vdelaria, 23 km south of the city of Corfu, Corfu, on April 29, 1963. The larva killed and ate 37 second- and third-instar larvae of Tetanocera ferruginea Fall. (Diptera: Sciomyzi-

60 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, No. 1, MARCH, 1965

dae) during the following 21 days. It did not feed during the next 12 days. The larva molted and pupated on June 1, and a male fly emerged on June 13.

A pupa of Hybomitra nigricornis (Zett.) (det. L. L. Pechuman) was found among dry leaf-litter in a dense hazel grove at Tvarminne, southern Finland, on July 13, 1963. A male fly emerged on July 18.

A larva of Hybomitra distinguenda ( Ver.) (det. L. Lyneborg) was found among damp leaf-litter at the edge of a vernal swamp, Funkedam, at Hillergd, N. Sjael- land, Denmark, on May 29, 1964. The larva did not feed, and it pupated on May 30. A female fly emerged on June 15.

Rhagionidae

A pupa of Rhagio annulatus (Deg.) (det. L. Lyneborg) was found among damp leaf-litter between the edge of a beech forest and the shore of Tystrup Lake, S. Sjaelland, Denmark, on May 5, 1964. A male fly emerged on May 13.

A pupa of Rhagio lineola Fabr. (det. L. Lyneborg) was found among dead grasses in a dry, shady, fern-birch wood, Gribskov, north of Hillergd, N. Sjaelland, Denmark, on June 27, 1964. A female fly emerged on July 5.

Xylophagidae

A larva of Xylophagus ater Meig. (det. L. L. Pechuman) was found under loose bark of a birch log lying at the moist base of a southwest-facing cliff, Konkaainpahta, near Utsjoki, northernmost Finnish Lapland, on June 25, 1963. The fat bodies of the larva were well developed when it was collected. The larva was placed in a tube of damp, clean sand only and kept at room temperature for the following seven months. It did not feed or molt during this time. On February 10, 1964 the larva molted and pupated. A female fly emerged on February 16.—L. V. Knur- son, Department of Entomology and Limnology, Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y.

SYNONYMY OF THE GENERA ANTILLONERIUS AND IMRENERIUS

(DierERA: NERDAE)

Examination of several specimens of a Neriid recently received for determination from Puerto Rico and the comparison of material in the United States National Museum collection leave very little doubt that Imrenerius cinereus (Réder, 1885) and Antillonerius solitarius (Johnson, 1919) are synonymous and that one of the genera is therefore unnecessary. Antillonerius was erected in 1937 by Hennig (Stettin. Ent. Ztg. 98: 256) for Nerius solitarius Jns., type by original designation, with the remark “vielleicht = cinereus Réder.” Imrenerius was erected in 1961 by Aczél (Studia Ent. 4: 276, 284), with the sole species and type by original designation Nerius cinereus Roder. The USNM material, including two from Orange Valley, Antigua, and several from Rio Grande and Mayagiiez, Puerto Rico, exhibit the variability in the development of small stout bristles notorious in this family. A few of the specimens have a very small and fine anterior notopleural bristle (supposedly strong in Imrenerius and absent in Antillonerius) and one specimen has a well-developed anterior ntpl on one side and a barely distinguish- able one on the other. A small male from Mayagiiez has the short first antennal segment as in females. The species should be known as Antillonerius cinereus (Réder ), the combination made by Hennig (loc. cit.: 257).—GrorcE C, STEYSKAL, Entomology Research Division, ARS, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washing- ton DiG:

PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 1, MARCH, 1965 61

HOSTS OF THE TACHINID TRIBE EUTHERINI

( DipTERA )

The peculiarly distinctive tachinid tribe Eutherini appears to be an ancient group, with 9 widely-scattered known species (3 Nearctic, 1 Palaearctic, 1 Neotropical, 2 Ethiopian, 2 Australian) plus 2 undescribed species from the Oriental Region, all of which can be referred to a single genus, Euthera. Its taxonomic position has been somewhat uncertain, though commonly associated with the Phasiinae, a group characteristically parasitic on Hemiptera. Until quite recently the host relationships were completely unknown, but accumulation of recent records indicates that the species of Euthera are indeed true parasites of Hemiptera and supports the taxo- nomic assignment of the genus and tribe to the Phasiinae.

I can record the following from personal identifications, all from adult bugs of the family Pentatomidae:

Euthera mannii Mik: Host, Halys dentatus (Fabricius), New Delhi, India (Miss Swaraj Ghai).

Euthera tentatrix Loew: Hosts:

Euschistus ictericus (Linnaeus), Belle Glade, Fla., Aug. 27, 1953 (W. H. Thames ).

Euschistus servus (Say), Scioto Co., Ohio, June 27, 1956 (Roy W. Rings); Worthington Springs, Fla., July 27, 1947 (P. W. Calhoun).

Euschistus tristigmus (Say), Wayne and Morrow counties, Ohio, June—July 1959 (G. M. Kelly).

Euschistus tristigmus var. luridus Dallas, Wooster, Ohio, July 1958 (G. M. Kelly). Ten per cent parasitism recorded.

Euschistus variolarius (Palisot de Beauvois), Wooster, Ohio, June 27 and 30, 1955 (Roy W. Rings); Wayne and Franklin counties, Ohio (G. M. Kelly).

Oebalus pugnax (Fabricius), Belle Glade, Fla., Aug. 31, 1953 (W. H. Thames); Baton Rouge, La., Oct. 13, 1962 (Travis Everett).

Three of the records have been published: that of tentatrix from Euschistus servus in Florida by Patton, 1958, Florida Ent. 41: 37, and from E. variolarius in Ohio by Rings and Brooks, 1958, Ohio Agr. Expt. Sta., Res. Cir. 50: 15, and that of mannii from Halys dentatus by Narayanan and Chai, 1960, Indian Jour. Ent. 22: 64-65.

Bezzi (1925, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales 50: 277), writing of the most com- monly recorded species, Euthera tentatrix Loew of the United States, commented that it was apparently not found before August. However, many of the recent records, both of reared and collected specimens, are in June and July.—Curtis W. SaBrosky, Entomology Research Division, ARS, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C.

62 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 1, MARCH, 1965

BOOK REVIEW

Monographie der Scarabaeidae und Aphodiidae der palaearktischen und orien- talischen Region (Coleoptera: Lamellicornia). Vols. 1 and 2. By Vladimir Balthasar. Verlag der Tschechoslowakischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Prague. Vol. 1, pp. 1-391, 137 figs., 24 plates; Vol. 2, pp. 1-627, 226 figs., 16 plates. 1963.

The first two volumes of Dr. Balthasar’s long awaited work are beautifully printed on fine quality paper, and well illustrated with line drawings, maps and photographs. They are magnificent books. A third volume on the Aphodiidae is in press.

These first two volumes cover that part of the Scarabaeoidea, usually designated as the Scarabaeinae or Coprinae. His introduction includes general remarks on the Scarabaeoidea, a list of all families and tribes in the greater group usually called Lamellicorina, which he breaks into two superfamilies—Lucanoidea and Scarabae- oidea, together with discussions of morphology, internal anatomy, larval morphol- ogy, biology, ecology, parasites, phylogeny (including fossils), and world geo- graphical distribution. The introductory discussion, covering 104 pages, is fol- lowed by 23 pages of bibliographic references covering the literature of the Scarabaeoidea of the Palearctic and Oriental regions.

In his listing of the higher categories of the Lamellicornia, Dr. Balthasar departs from accepted classification in several places, without justification in my opinion. He has gone even beyond other recent authors in elevating previously accepted subfamilies to family rank. In earlier days, a scarab beetle was quickly and easily recognized by everyone, even the rankest amateur. Now the older Scarabaeidae, of equal rank with Lucanidae and Passalidae, is subdivided in this list into 16 separate families. Nearly all groups are elevated at least one rank above that ac- cepted by most other specialists. One perhaps extreme example may be cited in the case of Aegialia. In place of elevation to family rank, also proposed by others previously, recent work by Jerath, Ritcher and Landin all indicate reduction to subtribal status under Aphodiinae would be nearer the true status.

The systematic part, covering the remainder of volume 1 and all of volume 2, presents keys to families, subfamilies, tribes, genera and species. Under each genus full bibliographic references are listed, the type of the genus is given, as well as notes on distribution and ecology. Each species is similarly treated after the key to the species of the genus, bibliography and synonymy are cited, the location of the type is given if known, the species is described, its distribution is listed and ecological and other notes presented.

While American coleopterists will not always agree with his views on classifica- tion or the maps showing distribution of various groups in the Western Hemisphere, Dr. Balthasar’s two volumes, covering such a vast area so completely, are a most useful and extremely important reference for all coleopterists.

The many fine drawings and photographs add immeasurably to the text—O. L. CARTWRIGHT, Curator Division of Coleoptera, Department of Entomology, U.S. National Museum, Smithsonian Institution.

fom ire) PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 1, MARCH, 1965 63

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T.M. REG, U.S. PAT, OFF.1 ORTHO ON ALL CHEMICALS, READ DIRECTIONS AND CAUTIONS BEFORE USE.

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64

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PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, No. 1, MARCH, 1965

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CONTENTS

(Continued from front cover)

O’NEILL, K.—The correct names of two phlaeothripids associated with pine ( Thysanoptera )

PRICE, R. D. and J. R. BEER—A review of the Colpocephalum of the Cor- vidae with the description of a new species (Mallophaga: Menoponidae) _-

ROBINSON, H.—Discopygiella, a new genus of Dolichopodidae from Mexico (Diptera)

SABROSKY, C. W.—Hosts of the tachinid tribe Eutherini (Diptera) _.____ |

SHENEFELT, R. D.—Techniques of use in the insect collection —__.____

SPENCER, K. A.—A classification of the status of Liriomyza trifolii (Bur- — gess) and some related species (Diptera: Agromyzidae) —----_-_-_____-__. "

STEYSKAL, G. C.—Synonymy of the genera Antillonerius and Imrenerius — (Diptera: ‘Nenidae) i.) ee

VARSHNEY, R. K.—On the are of Tachardina theae Pe Lacciferidae) - MSS La oo TE a8

WILSON, N.—Occurrence of Dermanyssus quintus Vitzthum in North Amer- ica (Acarina: Mesostigmata: Dermanyssidae) _..-_»__-_

WIRTH, W. W.—A new Johannsenomyia from Brazil (Diptera: Cerato-— pogonidae)

ROOK REVIEW iu soos iio eae Se a 4

’

Vol. 67 JUNE 1965

5 F< BOCREDINGS

of the

ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY ot WASHINGTON

U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM WASHINGTON, D.C. 20560

No. 2

PUBLISHED QUARTERLY

CONTENTS

(Continued on back cover)

BLAKE, D. H.—Fourteen new chrysomelid beetles from the West Indies MERTENS Ne 0 te? Ss eg Bes PR ed sd on A

_ BURKS, B. D.—The North American species of Metacolus (Hymenoptera: Dk Ee dS oN SN Ia ail re i eR Coed ook ant a 116

DODGE, H. R.—Three examples of insect teratology __—.-___-______= 120 DONNELLY, T. W.—Heteragrion eboratum, a new species of damselfly

: from Guatemala (Odonata: Megapodagrionidae) —______»__ 96

_ EVANS, H. E.—A description of the larva of Methocha stygia (Say), with

; notes on other Tiphiidae (Hymenoptera) — >= 88 aa aha , J. P.—Studies of Neotropical leafhoppers I (Homoptera: Cicadel- ae

: PA ahve 2 Mel ee a Se ee 5 eS ate See Rod Se

i _MEDLER, J. T.—A note on Megachile mendica Cresson in trap-nests in Wisconsin (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) —-_-_»__

_ MITCHELL, C. J. and R. BEHIN—Notes on some small mammal ectopara- sites from Northwest T erritories, Canada (Anoplura, Siphonaptera, and EVAL SINDESD SoD SRR SSR AREE SB act SATEEN Rig 33 Fc 2 a oe NO en 112

_ SMILEY, R. L.—Two new species of the genus Cheyletiella (Acarina: q Cheyletidae) me neepetes Bie Oa ha 0 Se ae BLN Se

ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY

OF WASHINGTON OrGANIZED Marcu 12, 1884

OFFICERS FOR 1965 :

Dr. Paut A. Woke, President Dr. Jon L. HEnn«eG, Editor q National Institute of Health c/o Department of Entomology ; Bethesda, Maryland 20014 U.S. National Museum _

Washington, D.C. 20560

Miss LoutsE M. RussEtu, President-Elect Entomology Research Division, USDA jig ees eS USDA Washington, D.C. 20250 Washington, D.C. 20250 “ a

Dr. W. Donat Ducxworrn, Recording Secretary Min. Wace Aptzn, Program Commitee Chairman. Pecado eeotay ARC, Beltsville, Maryland 20705

Washington, D.C. 20560 Dr. GeorcE E. CANTWELL, Membership Committee

Chairman Dr. Donaxtp ANDERSON, Corresponding Secretary Insect Pathology Laboratory Department of Entomology Agric. Research Center U.S. National Museum Beltsville, Maryland 20705

« ° TW Need Neti Dr. H. H. SHEParp, Delegate to the Washington

Academy of Sciences

Dr. Cari BLICKENSTAFF, Treasurer PPA-ASCS : Entomology Research Division, ARS, USDA U.S. Department of Agriculture ARC, Beltsville, Maryland 20705 Washington, D.C. 20250 a

Honorary President Dr. T. E. Snyper, U.S. National Museum

Honorary Member Mr. C. F. W. MueEsesBeEck, U.S. National Museum MEETINGS.—Regular meetings of the Society are held in Room 43 of the U.S. National Museum on the irst

Thursday of each month from October to June, inclusive, at 8 P.M. Minutes of meetings are published reg arly in the Proceedings.

MEMBERSHIP.—Members shall be persons who have demonstrated interest in the science of entomology sy: Annual dues for members are $5.00; initiation fee is $1.00 (U.S. currency ).

PROCEEDINGS.—Published quarterly beginning with March by the Society at Washington, D.C. Members. in good standing are entitled to the Proceedings free of charge. Nonmember subscriptions are $6.00 per ye

both domestic and foreign {Ve -S. currency), payable in advance. All remittances should be made payable to The Entomological Society of Washington. :

The Society does not exchange its publications for those of other societies.

All manuscripts intended for publication should be addressed to the Editor. Acceptable papers submitted by members only will be published in the order received. Immediate publication may be obtained at a Ba to the author of about $15.00 per printed page. Titles of papers should be concise but comprehensive and should indi cate the systematic position of the subject insect. Bylines should indicate present mailing address of the au and his organizational affiliation, if possible. Citations in the text of papers longer than one printed page show be by author and date and should refer to a list of concluding references in which author, ie ar, title, name publication, volume, and page are given in that order. In shorter articles, references to literature should be included in parentheses in the text. ‘

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Proofs and forms for the abstract and reprint order will be sent to authors.

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This issue mailed June 23, 1965

Second Class Postage Paid at Lawrence, Kansas, U. S. A. THE ALLEN PRESS pies LAWRENCE, KANSAS

U.S. &

PROCEEDINGS OF THE

ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

Vol 67 JUNE 1965 No. 2

STUDIES OF NEOTROPICAL LEAFHOPPERS I (HoMoptTERA: CICADELLIDAE )

JAMEs P. Kramer, Entomology Research Division, ARS, U. S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C.

This is the first in a projected series of papers which will supplement and update some of the recent works on leafhoppers of the American tropics. New taxa proposed will be related to keys in the most recent revisional studies or new keys will be proposed for them. New syno- nyms and new records of special interest will be included.

Included in this paper are a synopsis of Orsalebra Young, with one new species; two new genera and species of Nirvaninae; one new genus and species of Iassinae; and one new synonym in the genus Agalliopsis Kirkaldy.

Subfamily TypHLOCYBINAE Tribe ALEBRINI

The tribe Alebrini was revised by Young (1957); the genus Orsalebra included but one species at that time.

Genus Orsalebra Young Type-species: Orsalebra robusta Young, 1952: 23-24.

Generic diagnosis—The following combination of characters will separate Orsalebra from all other New World typhlocybine cicadellids: forewing with appendix extending around wing apex; hind wing with submarginal vein distinct from apical wing margin, extending beyond posterior branch of vein R, and curved basad along costal margin (Young 1957: fig. 2c). Head with anterior margin broadly rounded; anterior and posterior margins parallel; ocelli on broadly rounded margin between crown and face, closer to median line of head than to eyes. Aedeagus elongate, slender, and slightly asymmetrical in dorsal or ventral view, and with paired, variably-modified, preapical processes. Style elongate, narrow, and variably modified at extreme apex.

Key to Species OF Orsalebra

1. Pronotum with distinct orange markings; forewings pale yellow with longi- tudinal orange stripes; preapical aedeagal processes at least in part tdothedsandrerther forke@ Or MOG = ke 2

Pronotum without distinct orange markings; forewings yellow with a greenish cast, without stripes of any sort; preapical aedeagal processes

smooth and forked (fig. 2 )SpaeMSORia. 1 diets oss ampliuscula Ruppel imstimuTion J

66 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 2, JUNE, 1965

ee ~ pez =

ECUADORANA pee AMPLIUSCULA ROBUSTA

Figs. 1-7. Orsalebra ecuadorana n. sp. Fig. 1, aedeagus laterally; fig. 4, apex of style laterally; fig. 7, head and thorax dorsally showing color pattern. Orsalebra ampliuscula Ruppel. Fig. 2, aedeagus laterally; fig. 5, apex of style laterally. Orsalebra robusta Young. Fig. 3, aedeagus laterally; fig. 6, apex of style laterally.

2. Orange markings of dorsum either uniformly bright red orange or of two different shades; preapical aedeagal processes forked and _ irregularly toothed dorsally and distally (fig. 3); apex of style narrow and slender (Gi) 1) a be le ha ih as 1d a a ad epee Dees robusta Young

Orange markings of dorsum paler and all of the same shade; preapical aedeagal processes not forked but with a large tooth dorsally near base, a few irregular teeth ventrally near base, and minute peg-like teeth at apex (fig. 1); apex of style not narrow and slender (fig. 4) —

Orsalebra ampliuscula Ruppel (Figures 2 and 5) Orsalebra ampliuscula Ruppel, 1959: 369. In addition to the color characters mentioned in the key, this species has a pair of vague pale orange markings on the crown, irregular

PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 2, JUNE, 1965 67

yellow-green markings in the area of the posterior pronotal angles, and each forewing with a small dark spot at middle of corium, at claval apex, at apex of brachial cell, and at base of central apical cell. The greenish cast of the forewings, which is especially prominent in the clavi, produces a coloration much like that found in most species of the genus Empoasca Walsh. The male genitalia (figs. 2, 5) are distinctive. O. ampliuscula is known only from the holotype male, allotype female, and paratypes collected at Pasto, Narifo, Colombia.

Orsalebra robusta Young (Figures 3 and 6) Orsalebra robusta Young, 1952: 24-25 and 1957: 142-143.

This species is very close to ecuadorana in external appearance. The color characters used in the key may or may not prove useful with a long series of specimens. The male genitalia (figs. 3, 6) are distinctive. There is, however, a problem of orientation here; the preapical aedeagal processes extend at right angles to the shaft so that they must be flattened somewhat for illustration; the ventral fork as drawn (fig. 3) does not show one or two small teeth which are present on the upper margin. O. robusta, is known only from the holotype male and allotype female from Hacienda Talahua, Bolivar, Ecuador.

Orsalebra ecuadorana, new species (Figures 1, 4, and 7)

Length of male and female 4.5 mm.

Coloration Entire venter including legs and most of face stramineous with tarsal claws darkened, area of face between antennal bases with a pair of vague pale orange spots; ground color of dorsum pale yellow to stramineous; crown (fig. 7) with a pair of moderately large, oval, orange spots at anterior margin; pronotum with three orange stripes, one longitudinal central and two oblique lateral; scutellum with all three angles broadly orange; forewing marked with two distinct longitudinal orange stripes, first central on clavus following curvature of posterior wing margin, second straight on corium near claval suture, costal margin sometimes with a very vague third longitudinal orange stripe, apex of clavus with a distinct dark brown spot, apical cells variably brown hyaline.

Male genitalia —Aedeagus rather S-shaped in lateral view; with a single, large, preapical dorsal tooth; and a pair of long preapical, ventral, basally-directed processes; both processes with minute peg-like teeth at apex and a large tooth dorsally and smaller teeth ventrally near base (fig. 1). Style typical of genus with extreme apex as illustrated (fig. 4).

Female genitalia —Posterior margin of pregenital sternum approximately transverse, slightly notched at center, and rounded on lateral margins.

Types.—Holotype male (USNM 67825), allotype female, and para- type male Quito, Ecuador, September 1962, J. C. M. Carvalho.

Subfamily NrirvANINAE

The Neotropical Nirvaninae were revised by Kramer (1964b). Both

68 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 2, JUNE, 1965

Figs. 8-14. Tungurahuala basiliscus n. g. and n. sp. Fig. 8, head and thorax dorsally; fig. 9, face in full view (Note: Line between eye and lorum on each side is a bend not a suture. ); fig. 10, head and thorax laterally (Note: Line from venter of eye to clypellus is a bend not a suture.); fig. 11, male genital capsule laterally showing ventral process of pygofer and part of aedeagus (All setae have been omitted.); fig. 12, aedeagus laterally; fig. 13, aedeagus posteriorly; fig. 14, connective and style dorsally.

of the new genera and new species described below are vastly different

from any previously described. For a subfamily description see Kramer (1964b: 113).

Tungurahuala, new genus

Type-species: Tungurahuala basiliscus, new species.

Form flattened elongate, moderately broad, and parallel-sided; crown strongly produced beyond eyes, median length and narrowest width between eyes subequal; in dorsal view crown subpentagonal in outline, without carina of any sort, ocelli anterior to eyes on disc, head wider than pronotum, median length of pronotum about equal to that of crown; in lateral view crown declivous anteriorly with depression before apex, carinate coronal margin obscure toward apex, second carina on face from antennal base to elevated area on clypeus; in facial view clypellus large and notched distally, lora relatively small and not attaining clypeus dorsally; pronotum laterally carinate; forewing with four apical and three preapical cells, cross vein between outer apical and outer preapical cell absent, all veins rather weakly delineated. Male genitalia: pygofer small and shorter than plates; in lateral view pygofer broadly setose distally in area of lower disc to posterior margin, in ventral view valve narrow and plates elongate with setae on outer edges; connective approximately Y-shaped; style in dorsal view long, broadest distally with apical hook; aedeagus complex with basal extension for union with connective.

Tungurahuala basiliseus, new species (Figures 8-14) Length of male 7.5 mm. Structure —Face with surface of clypellus finely scaly, a rough carina between distal portions of lateral frontal sutures (fig. 9), area below carina irregularly

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longitudinally rugose medianly and finely glareose laterally, area above carina finely glareose and scaly; crown with surface vermiculately rugulose and two small scaly areas at posterior margin in line with inner edges of ocelli, lateral margins produced in front of eyes, then concavely extending anteriorly and con- verging to rounded apex (fig. 8); pronotum with surface mesally transversely rugulose, rest variably vermiculately rugulose or finely scaly; scutellum with surface finely scaly basally and transversely rugulose distally; forewing sub- coriaceous, appendix minute, and without extra cross veins.

Coloration.—Entire venter including most of legs and most of face black, all tarsi pale, pro- and mesothoracic tibiae and posterior tibial spines light brown, ground color of antennae, clypellus, lora, and adjacent portion of clypeus pale yellow brown, discal portion of clypellus broadly darkened with brown to black; dorsum of head and thorax shining black, eyes and ocelli reddish; forewings black, but appearing dark brown with transmitted light; face and crown variably touched with pruinose areas.

Male genitalia—In lateral view pygofer rounded distally on dorsal and ventral margins, with a pair of slender upcurved processes, one on each side, arising from ventral margin (fig. 11), inner edge of each process finely setose on distal third (not shown in drawing), both pygofer and first segment of anal tube entirely sclerotized dorsally; in dorsal view connective widest basally, truncate apically and style with mesal lobe long, sharp and curved laterad, lateral lobe broad and blunt (fig. 14); aedeagus in lateral view broad and upturned apically, and with a distinct dorsally notched ventral portion (fig. 12); aedeagus in posterior view as illustrated (fig. 13) with gonopore at middle.

Female genitalia—Female unknown.

Type.—Holotype male (USNM 67826) Banos, Ecuador, Mt. Tun- gurahua, 2,500 m., August 20, 1937, W. Clarke-Macintyre.

Notes. Because Tungurahuala basiliscus lacks a median longitudinal carina at the clypeal apex, it will trace to couplet 2 in my key to the Neotropical genera and species of Nirvaninae (Kramer 1964b: 113- 114). It differs from both members of this couplet by having two closed preapical cells in the forewing. It differs from all Neotropical Nirvaninae by any one of the following characters: the discally placed ocelli (fig. 8), the transverse carina on the upper portion of the face (fig. 10), and by the lora which do not reach the clypeus on their upper margin (fig. 9).

Perugrampta, new genus

Type-species: Perugrampta cuscoensis, new species.

Form elongate, moderately broad; crown strongly produced beyond eyes, median length greater than narrowest width between eyes; in dorsal view crown spade-shaped in outline, without carina of any sort, ocelli just anterior to eyes near lateral margins, head slightly narrower than pronotum, median length of pronotum much less than that of crown; in lateral view crown flat, carinate coronal margin sharp and distinct to apex, area in front of eyes and below carinate coronal margin foliaceous and concave, most of face flat in outline but concave in upper clypeal area, antennal base located just below anterior ventral margin

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15 CUSCOENSIS

Figs. 15-23. Perugrampta cuscoensis n. g. and n. sp. Fig. 15, head and thorax dorsally showing color pattern; fig. 16, forewing showing color pattern; fig. 17, forewing showing venation; fig. 18, aedeagus ventrally; fig. 19, connective and style dorsally; fig. 20, male genital capsule laterally; fig. 21, apex of plate showing lobe; fig. 22, aedeagus laterally; fig. 23, three-quarters view of aedeagal apex ventrally.

of eye; in facial view clypellus constricted mesally, each lorum broad and as large as clypellus, suture between clypellus and clypeus highly obscure, margins of clypeus slightly overlapping antennal bases, lateral frontal sutures curving laterally above antennal bases to margin of head just in front of eyes, apex of clypeus with a distinct median longitudinal carina, area of face depressed above eyes to apex; pronotum laterally carinate; forewing with preapical cells oblique and some excess cells. Male genitalia: pygofer large, about as long as plates; in lateral view with setae on upper distal portion of pygofer and edge of plates, apices of plates with numerous long setae forming brushes; in ventral view each

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plate with membranous lobe at apex mesad of brush; connective short and ap- proximately Y-shaped; style in dorsal view broadest mesally and with one apical lobe; aedeagus asymmetrical, slender, and with apical modifications or elaborations.

Perugrampta cuscoensis, new species (Figures 15-23)

Length of male 7.8 mm.

Structure —Face, crown, and scutellum with surface finely scaly, pronotum mainly smooth; venation of forewing complex (fig. 17), clavus with five open cells, appendix large, four apical cells and three oblique preapical cells, two small extra cells basad of third and fourth apical cells, a triangular cell basad of outer preapical cell.

Coloration —Venter of abdomen and thorax dark brown; legs stramineous, pro- and mesothoracic tarsal claws darkened, metathoracic femora and tarsi variably darkened with brown or black, spines on hind femora brown and darker at bases; most of face stramineous, broadly marked with dark brown from inner margins of eyes to apex, margins of head from eyes to apex light brown; ground color of crown, pronotum, and scutellum yellow brown, all palest centrally, and marked with various shades of brown to black as in figure 15, crown with six longitudinal stripes, central pair darkest, each lateral pair lighter and converging apically, pronotum with light and scutellum with dark pair of central longitudinal stripes; forewing with veins brown and cells variably marked with brown (fig. 16), costal marginal area narrowly orange red from base to apical portion of outer preapical cell.

Male genitalia.—In lateral view pygofer broadly rounded distally, valve narrow, plate obliquely truncate apically, apical brush long (fig. 20), setae on plate closer to dorsal margin than shown; pygofer sclerotized dorsally; plates long and parallel- sided in ventral view, extreme apex of each (fig. 21) with wrinkled, slender lobe; in dorsal view connective notched basally and apically, and style with a single, long, slender, and somewhat wrinkled lobe (fig. 19); aedeagus in lateral view U-shaped, broadest basally, with three unequal points and fin-like proximal process at apex (fig. 22); aedeagus in ventral view rounded basally with shaft undulated (fig. 18); aedeagal apex in three-quarters view as shown (fig. 23) with gonopore apical.

Female genitalia—Female unknown.

Type.—Holotype male (USNM 67827) Santa Isabel, Dept. Cusco, Peru, December 28, 1951, Felix L. Woytkowski.

Notes. In my key to the genera and species of Neotropical Nirvani- nae (Kramer 1964b: 113-114), Perugrampta cuscoensis will trace to couplet 4, Jassosqualus Kramer. It differs from that genus, as well as from all other Neotropical Nirvaninae, by the peculiar venation of the forewings (fig. 17) and by the brush of long setae at the apex of each male plate (fig. 20).

Subfamily [AssinAE The New World genera of Iassinae were discussed and keyed by Kramer (1963). The new genus described below brings the number of genera recognized for the Americas to seven.

12 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 2, JUNE, 1965

b a E { ax Hee ox \ } a i a Ce BG Sa | SS 26 27 XY 24 A 25 OTAVALOA aq as ae ye NEN ne 4 Pe ee 28 an ( “ ic j | ' “ \ \ / sto Se a mee < [Om dais ompdceae bine

Figs. 24-30. Goblinaja otavaloa n. g. and n. sp. Fig. 24, head and thorax dorsally; fig. 25, head and thorax fronto-dorsally; fig. 26, head and thorax laterally; fig. 27, face in full view; fig. 28, pregenital sternum of female; fig. 29, stylar apices ventrally; fig. 30, male genital capsule laterally showing all component parts. Note: the broken lines in figs. 25 and 27 represent the postfrontal suture.

Goblinaja, new genus

Type-species: Goblinaja otavaloa, new species.

Form convex and moderately stout; in dorsal view crown short, head narrower than pronotum, scutellum large; in lateral view pronotum humped posteriorly and declivous cephalad, head short with crown declivous anteriorly and rounded to face, a distinct ledge present above antennal base, lateral margins of pronotum carinate; in facial view with face short, clypellus quadrate, lora long and narrow, postfrontal suture often distinct; entire forewing subcoriaceous, vitreous, and punctate, punctures essentially asetose, a few extremely minute scattered setae discernible under high magnification in claval area, venation too obscure for generalization, some short and transverse supernumerary veins visible distally on costal margin. Male genitalia: pygofer largely withdrawn into abdomen, valve and plates absent, entirely open ventrally and only sclerotized distally on dorsum, basal portion with thickened sclerotized areas; connective membranous and amorphous; style in lateral view long, broadest mesally, with one apical lobe; aedeagus rather small, shaft simple, dorsal portion forked.

In my key to the genera of New World Iassinae (Kramer 1963: 38), Goblinaja will trace to couplet 3; it differs from Scaroidana Osborn by the humped pronotum, the obscure forewing venation, and the highly modified male genital capsule. It differs from the rest of the genera, couplet 4 to end, by lacking obvious fine setae on the forewings.

Goblinaja otavaloa, new species (Figures 24—30 ) Length of males 5 mm. and of females 5.5-6 mm. Structure —Outer edge of prothoracic tibia distinctly flattened; surface of face, crown, pronotum, and scutellum irregularly rugulose to rugose; clypellus paralleled

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sided (fig. 27); anterior margin of crown slightly concave on each side of apex (fig. 24) and with distance between ocelli about twice that between ocellus and eye; pronotum at times with poorly defined median longitudinal carina on distal half.

Coloration Somewhat variable, ground color yellow or pale yellowish green washed with brighter green especially on legs, pronotum, and edges of forewings, at times with a reddish wash on crown and pronotum.

Male genitalia —Capsule in lateral view (fig. 30) with proximal ventral margin thickened longitudinally, pronged basal process, and distinct rounded lobe; style massive with apex as illustrated; aedeagal shaft more heavily sclerotized than rest of aedeagus, aedeagus with single simple ventral basal process, gonopore terminal. Apices of styles in ventral view as shown (fig. 29).

Female genitalia—Posterior margin of pregenital sternum mesally concave (fig. 28) and more or less irregularly rounded laterally.

Types.—Holotype male (USNM 67828), allotype female, and five paratypes, one male and four females, Otavalo, Ecuador, March 14, 1950, S. W. Frost. One paratype female Quito, Ecuador, March 13, 1950, S. W. Frost.

Notes—The last paragraph of the generic discussion fits Goblinaja into the existing key to the genera of New World Iassinae. The greatly swollen or humped pronotum (fig. 26) provides G. otavaloa with a superficially membracid-like habitus.

Subfamily AGALLUNAE Agalliopsis superba Linnayuori, new status Agalliopsis ornaticollis superba Linnavuori, 1956: 12. Agalliopsis dracula Kramer 1964a: 146. New Synonymy

Linnavuori described superba as a subspecies of ornaticollis Oman from two females taken at Banos, Ecuador. I described the species as new from four males collected in Valle de Papas, Colombia. Additional material, associated males and females, has shown that my dracula is merely the opposite sex of Linnavuori’s superba.

The color dimorphism shown by the sexes is more striking than that of any other member of the genus Agalliopsis. The facial markings (Kramer 1964a: fig. 4) are essentially alike in both sexes, but in fe- males the black markings are less heavy. The three coronal spots may be distinct and black (Kramer 1964a: fig. 3), or in some females, less distinct and all or just the central spot red brown. The pronotum of males (Kramer 1964a: fig. 3) is most striking because of the pair of pale spots on the anterior black discal area; in females the anterior pronotal border is variably black to red brown, sometimes it is darkest at middle to form a spot, while the rest of the pronotum is usually uniformly stramineous or yellowish; in one female the pronotal markings are identical to the males except the pattern or color surrounding the spots is red brown instead of black. The scutellar markings (Kramer 1964a: fig. 3) are essentially the same in both sexes, but the markings are black in the male and usually red brown in the female; in one

74 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 2, JUNE, 1965

female the basal angles and the disc are blackened. The ground color of the forewings of males is darker than in females; and the veins are distinctly dark brown except distally, while in females the veins are almost all pale. While variable in both sexes, the forewing usually has white or yellow spots in the clavus, one basally near the scutellar apex and one marginally-embrowned distally in preapical area, and a third spot of the same hue on the second sector of the corium approximately in line with the midpoint of the claval vein.

The male genitalia (Kramer 1964a: fig. 21) provide many unique features of which the most striking is the two-segmented plate. The posterior margin of the female pregenital sternum is produced mesally as a more or less rounded lobe.

New Records.—One male and three females, Papallacta, Ecuador, Napo-Pastaza Prov., January 29, 1958, R. W. Hodges, 10,500 ft. eleva- tion; one female, Banos, Ecuador, Mt. Tungurahua, August 20, 1937, W. Clarke-Macintyre; one female, Narino Volcan Galeras, Colombia, 2,900 m., January 13, 1959, J. F. G. Clarke.

REFERENCES

Kramer, J. P. 1963. A key to the New World genera of Iassinae with reviews of Scaroidana and Pachyopsis (Homoptera: Cicadellidae). Bull. Brooklyn Ent. Soc. 58: 37-50.

. 1964a. New World leafhoppers of the subfamily Agalliinae: A key to genera with records and descriptions of species (Homoptera: Cicadellidae). Trans. American Ent. Soc. 89: 141-163.

. 1964b. A review of the Neotropical Nirvaninae (Homoptera: Cicadellidae). Ent. News 75(5): 113-128.

Linnavuori, R. 1956. Neotropical Homoptera of the Hungarian National Mu- seum and some other European Museums. Ann. Ent. Fennici 22(1): 5-35. Ruppel, R. F. 1959. Especies nuevas de Alebrini Colombiana. Revista Acad.

Colombiana Ciencias 10(41): 367-370.

Young, D. A. 1952. Reclassification of Western Hemisphere Typhlocybinae (Homoptera: Cicadellidae). Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull. 35(1): 1-217.

1957. The leafhopper tribe Alebrini (Homoptera: Cicadellidae). Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 107(3386): 127-277.

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TWO NEW SPECIES OF THE GENUS CHEYLETIELLA (ACARINA: CHEYLETIDAE )

Rosert L. Smitty, Entomology Research Division, ARS, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C.

In April 1963, Dr. J. H. Whitlock, Department of Parasitology, Cornell University, sent two specimens of the mite genus Cheyletiella Canestrini for identification. These mites proved to be undescribed. They were collected by Isidor Yasgur, D.V.M., of Mamaroneck, New York, who stated: “I am sending a slide containing mites and eggs removed from the tail of some Schnauzer pups. Many of the mite eggs can be found when the fecal samples are checked and can be quite disconcerting until the source of the egg is realized. I do not know exactly how pathogenic these mites may be, but they do produce a super- ficial scurf at the base of the tail, and in the three separate instances in which I have found them, they seem to have some effects on the general welfare of the pups.”

While this paper was being written, Dr. R. K. Strickland, Animal Disease Eradication Division of the U.S. Department of Agriculture brought in the same species which he had collected from a mangy dog at Cornell University in 1962.

During the study of the above specimens, I located another unde- scribed species of Cheyletiella in the U.S. National Museum collection.

Very little is known about the biology of the mites belonging to Cheyletiella and the effects they have on their mammalian hosts. Banks (1915) reported that Cheyletiella parasitivorax (Mégnin) is predaceous on other mites which are found on rabbit fur. An European worker, Pillers (1925), reported C. parasitivorax to be the causative agent for skin lesions and mange in man. Cooper (1946) stated there is no evidence to date which can be held to demonstrate that C. parasitivorax attacks its mammalian host, or that it can cause mange in man. However, Olsen and Roth (1947) reported that C. parasitivorax has caused eczema in man. Kutzer (1963) reports of a case of mange in a dog caused by Cheyletiella parasitivorax. However, this mange could be caused by the species here described.

Volgin (1960) presented a comprehensive report on this genus. Un- til now, all known species of this genus were described from rabbit hosts.

In the genus Cheyletiella, the sense organ of genu I appears to be of specific value and is illustrated here for each of the three species represented in the U.S. National Museum collection. These are Cheyletiella johnstoni and C. yasguri, the two new species, and C. parasitivorax (Mégnin). The palpus is another character which will separate C. johnstoni, new species, from C. takahasii Sasa and Kano.

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Figs. 1-5. Cheyletiella yasguri, new species. Fig. 1, dorsum, female; fig. 2, dorsum, male; fig. 3, sensory organ of genu I; fig. 4, venter of tarsus I; fig. 5, leg I, female.

The palpus of C. johnstoni differs in each sex, whereas the palpus of C. takahasii has been reported to be the same in both sexes.

Cheyletiella yasguri, new species (Figs. 1-5)

Although the legs of the female are similar to those of Cheyletiella parasitivorax (Mégnin), the sensory organ on genu I is different in shape. Also, the setae on the propodosoma and hysterosoma are wider and longer than in C. parasitivorax.

Female.—Palpi short and strong; palpal femur with a long, serrate, dorsal seta; genu with a long serrate seta, about three-fourths as long as femoral seta; tibia

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with a simple seta, about three-fourths as long as genual seta; palpal claw curved downward, with weak teeth. Rostrum short and broad; peritreme with lateral branches composed of large segments, the anterior transverse segments gradually becoming smaller. Propodosomal shield with three pairs of short, serrated, an- terior lateral setae, and a posterior row of four large, simple setae; two pairs of long subequal, serrate propodosomal shoulder setae; first pair of anterior pro- podosomal setae about two-thirds the length of the second pair, second pair about two-thirds the length of the third pair, third pair longest; propodosomal simple setae equal in length, inner pair slightly thicker. Hysterosoma without shield; with an anterior transverse row of four setae, the outer pair serrate, about one- third longer than inner simple setae; a pair of simple serrate setae and a pair of simple setae posterior to the first row of serrate and simple hysterosomal setae, the simple setae slightly anterior to (or above), and one-third shorter than, the serrate ones; second serrate seta about one-fourth the length of first serrate seta; posterior margin of the hysterosoma with a pair of long, simple setae, about one- third as long as body, a pair of short, simple setae slightly above the long, simple seta, two pairs short, simple setae, anterior to the genital opening, and two pairs of simple setae laterad to the anal opening. Legs short; tarsus of each leg without claws but with empodium. Body 587 u long by 338 uw wide.

Male.—Similar to female, but with two dorsal shields. Palpi short and strong; femur with a long, serrate dorsal seta; genu with long dorsal serrate seta, about two-thirds as long as femoral seta; tibia with simple seta equal in length to genual seta; palpal claw curved downward, with many weak teeth. Rostrum short and broad; peritreme M-shaped, with lateral branches composed of large segments. Propodosomal shield longer than wide, with three pairs of serrated anterior lateral setae; first pair of propodosomal setae about two-thirds the length of the second pair, second pair about two-thirds the length of third, third pair longest; with a posterior median row of four large simple setae; two propodosomal serrate setae, subequal in length, adjacent to the shield. Hysterosoma with shield about as long as wide; a pair of long strong simple median setae near anterior margin, about one-third longer than the propodosomal simple setae and with two pairs of short simple posterolateral setae. One pair of long, strong serrate setae located adjacent to anterior lateral margins of shield. Posterior margin of hysterosoma with a pair of long serrate setae, about one-third as long as the body; three pairs of subequal simple setae, and two pairs simple subequal anal setae. Legs, short; tarsi without claws but each with rayed empodium. Body 472 u long by 268 u wide.

The female holotype, U.S. National Museum No. 2956, and a female paratype were collected from Schnauzer pups, Mamaroneck, New York, April, 1963 by I. J. Yasgur. Males and females were also collected on dog, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York in 1962 by Dr. R. K. Strickland, Animal Disease Eradication Division, United States De- partment of Agriculture.

This species is named for Isidor Yasgur, D.V.M., Mamaroneck, New York.

Cheyletiella johnstoni, new species (Figs. 6-10)

This species resembles Cheyletiella ochotonae Volgin, but the shape and size

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Figs. 6-11. Cheyletiella johnstoni, new species. Fig. 6, dorsum, female; fig. 7, dorsum, male; fig. 8, dorsum of nymph; fig. 9, ventral view of leg III, nymph; fig. 10, sensory organ of genu I. Cheyletiella parasitivorax (Mégnin). Fig. 11, sensory organ of genu I.

of the dorsal shields of the male will separate the two species. Also, the pro- podosomal shield of the female of this species is wider than long, being longer than wide in the female of C. ochotonae. The propodosomal shield of the male of C. johnstoni is longer than wide, whereas that of C. ochotonae is wider than long. This species differs from C. takahasii Sasa and Kano in that the palpi differ between the sexes, whereas in C. takahasii they are similar.

Female.—Palpi short and strong; palpal femur with a long, serrate, dorsal seta; genu with a long serrate seta, about two-thirds as long as the femoral seta; tibia

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with a simple seta, about one-third as long as genual seta; palpal claw curved downward, with weak teeth. Rostrum short and broad; peritreme with lateral branches composed of large segments, the anterior transverse segments gradually becoming smaller in size. Propodosomal shield with three pairs of short, serrated, anterior lateral setae; first pair of propodosomal setae about two-thirds the length of the second pair, second pair about two-thirds the length of the third pair, third pair longest; two subequal propodosomal serrate setae adjacent to the shield. Hysterosoma without shield; with three pairs of long, serrate setae and two pairs of simple setae; first and second pairs of serrate setae equal in length, third pair on the posterior margin of the body, longer than the first and second pairs; simple setae equal in length, first pair located on the dorsal surface of the body, second pair located on the posterior margin of the body. Legs short; tarsus of each leg without claws but with empodium. Body 478 u long by 287 uw wide.

Male.—Similar to the female, but with two dorsal shields. Male differs from female in the arrangement and number of setae. The propodosomal shield of the male has three pairs of serrate setae and two pairs of simple setae, whereas the female has only three pairs of serrate setae, and no simple setae. Body 453 u long by 287 uw wide.

Nymph.—As figured, and without genital opening. The nymph of this species differs from the nymph of C. ochotonae by the number and length of the setae on the propodosomal shield.

The holotype female, U.S. National Museum No. 2957, and 4 para- type females, 2 males, and 3 nymphs were collected from Ochotona princeps, Santa Fé, New Mexico, August 5, 1955, by H. B. Morlan.

This species is named for Donald Johnston, Institute of Acarology, Ohio Agricultural Experiment Station, Wooster, Ohio, in appreciation of his suggestions and assistance.

LITERATURE CITED

Baker, E. W. 1949. A review of the mites of the family Cheyletidae in the United States National Museum. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 99: 267-320.

Banks, Nathan. 1915. The Acarina or mites. U.S. Dept. Agr. Rept. 108: 1-153.

Cooper, K. W. 1946. The occurrence of the mite Cheyletiella parasitivorax (Mégnin) in North America, with notes on its synonymy and “parasitic” habit. Jour. Parasitol. 32: 480-482.

Kutzer, E. 1963. Uber eine echte Raubmilbenriude beim Hund, hervorgerufen durch Cheyletiella parasitivorax (Mégnin, 1878). Wien. Tierarztl. Monatsschr. 50(8): 784-788.

Lawrence, R. F. 1956. Studies on South Africa fur mites. Ann. Natal Mus. 13 (pt. 3): 337-374.

Olsen, S. J., and H. Roth. On the mite Cheyletiella parasitivorax occuring on cats, as a facultative parasite of man. Jour. Parasitol. 33: 444—445.

Pillers, A. W. N. 1925. Cheyletiella parasitivorax Mégnin causing lesions in the domestic rabbit. Vet. Jour. (London) 81: 96-97.

Volgin, V. I. 1960. On the taxonomy of predatory mites of the family Cheyletidae. II. Genus Cheyletiella Can. Akad. Nauk, Zool. Inst. Otdel. Parasitol. Sbornikn. 19, 1960, pp. 237-248, illus [sep.]

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BIONOMICS OF THE SUGARCANE BORER DIATRAEA SACCHARALIS (FAB.) I. A DESCRIPTION OF THE MATING BEHAVIOR. (LEpmopTERA: CRAMBIDAE )

Davin W. WALKER,’ Associate Scientist II, Puerto Rico Nuclear Center, University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez

Introduction—Detailed studies of the mating behavior of Diatraea saccharalis have not been reported, although it is stated that mating undoubtedly occurs at night (Holloway, 1928). Courtship behavior of Heliothis zea ( Boddie) is described in considerable detail by Callahan (1958) and of Tineola bisselliella (Hum.) by Roth and Willis (1952).

In the course of investigations into sterilization induced by gamma irradiation, it has been possible to observe and study mating behavior in this species.

Materials and Methods—The adults used for observations were ob- tained from field corn grown at Lajas, Puerto Rico. Larvae and pupae were removed from the corn stalks, placed into petri dishes and small glass jars, separated to sex in the pupal stage, and adults were collected upon emergence. Most observations were made on one-day-old virgin adults.

After emergence male and female virgin adults were placed to- gether in 8-quart, transparent polyethylene bags each containing a small wad of cotton previously soaked in 10 percent sugar or honey solution. The polyethylene bags were inflated with air blown from a fan and then suspended by clothes pins on a wire out-of-doors, where they were visually examined in red light. The females laid eggs on the interior of these bags as well as on wax paper or Kraft parchment paper. After mating, females were either removed to individual bags or kept in the same bag to observe if they would mate a second time with newly emerged virgin adult males. .

No attempt was made to control humidity nor temperature during the mating period nor during the adult life span, although these were relatively constant inside the bags.

Wing movement during courtship was observed by means of a variable frequency stroboscopic light.

Results and Discussion—In general this species is nocturnal or crepuscular in activity, being definitely inhibited by white light or light of many wave lengths. Light in the red and orange range did not interfere with activity.

! The author is indebted to Dr. Murray Blum of Louisiana State University and Dr. Fred Legner of the University of California at Riverside for valuable sug- gestions in setting up these observations, as well as his assistants, Adela Vidal de Alemany, Miguel Figueroa, and Francis Milord.

PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 2, JUNE, 1965 81

Time oF NIGHT WHEN MATING BEGAN*

2000 to 2030 2031 to 2130 2131 to 2230 2231 to 2330 4 9 4 3: 2331 to 0030 0031 to 0130 0131 to 0230 0231 to 0330 3 3 1 iL 5

DvuRATION OF MATING TIME

30 to 40 minutes 40 to 50 minutes 60 minutes 90 minutes 3 iL 11 3 120 minutes >120 minutes > — 920 1 1 pay

The female initiates courtship behavior. After sunset she will begin movements up and down the sides of the polyethylene bag, beating her wings. Her activity increases to longer wing beats and movements to all sides of her enclosure. Later she may lay a few clusters of un- fertile eggs of 5 to 20 eggs per cluster, with rest periods after each egg laying. A greater burst of activity begins later, varying from 15 minutes to 2 hours after egg laying. The female climbs the bag wall in short, rapid bursts of beating her wings while walking upwards. Occasionally there is some flight associated with this activity, but flight appears to be incidental at this time of courtship behavior. She continues this activity usually from one to two hours. Similar wing beating activity is reported by Callahan (1958) and Willis and Roth (1952).

Finally she climbs to the top third of the bag, remains stationary, and beats her wings at a frequency of 5,000 beats per minute. Initially the frequency is somewhat irregular and of short duration; but later the time increases to 15 seconds, and finally to as long as two minutes with a constant 5,000 beats per minute immediately prior to mating. Wingbeat during flight is variable in frequency and usually below 4,500 beats per minute.

The female ultimately rests quietly on the side of the bag and moves her antennae posteriorly and anteriorly while holding them at an angle of 90 degrees from the head. This wing activity is normally associated with premating activity by the female, and the male also starts, a similar activity of wing beats on the side of the bag. His wing beat frequency initially is variable, and at this point his movements will be much more erratic and rapid than the female. Eventually, however, he will locate himself about three inches directly above the female, beat- ing his wings vigorously. The frequency of the male’s wingbeats is never as constant as the female’s, but tends to converge at a little higher than 5,000 per minute. The female usually remains stationary,

2 Observations made under artificial conditions in 8 quart polyethylene plastic bags with reared adults taken from corn grown in Lajas, Puerto Rico.

82 PROC. ENT. SOC. WASH., VOL. 67, NO. 2, JUNE, 1965

curving her abdomen only slightly upward; the male may change his position from above the female to below her, but usually he remains an inch away from her at this stage of courtship.

Both male and female then continue to move their antennae vigor- ously between short bursts of wing beating, the male particularly when he is below the female. Eventually the male moves below the female and usually to one side. He has been observed on the left side about one inch below the female more frequently than on the right side.

In a very rapid movement requiring approximately one and a half seconds, the male mounts the female with his head upward the same as the female, but with the body axes unaligned. The female retains the vertical position, while the male gradually attains an angle of about 30 degrees to the vertical with his head to the right of hers. There may be a contact of antennae at this point. Then the male moves his head further downward. An actual union of the genitalia prior to his down- ward movement may take place. Finally the male moves into a vertical position with his head pointed downward or slightly at an angle